问题 单项选择题

制动时汽车跑偏的根本原因是()

A.左右车轮制动力不相等

B.前束值不适当

C.路面附着力左右不一致

D.制动时车轮抱死

答案

参考答案:A

填空题


Motivation is "the driving force within individuals that impels them to action." And goals are the sought-after results (1) motivated behavior.
Motivation can be either positive or negative (2) direction. We may feel a driving force toward some object or condition, (3) a driving force away from some object or condition. For example, a person may be impelled toward a restaurant to fulfill a need, hunger, and away (4) an airplane to fulfill a need of safety. Some psychologists refer to positive drives (5) needs, wants or desires, (6) negative drives as fears or aversions (7) , though negative and positive motivational forces seem to differ dramatically (8) terms of physical and sometimes emotional activity, they are basically similar in (9) they both serve to initiate and sustain human behavior. (10) this reason, researchers often refer (11) both kinds of drives or motives as needs, wants and desires.
Goals, (12) , can be either positive or negative. A positive goal is one toward (13) behavior is directed and it is often referred to as an approach object. A negative goal is (14) from which behavior is directed away and it is sometimes referred to as an avoidance object. Since both approach and avoidance goals can be considered objectives of motivated behavior, most researchers refer to (15) types simply as goals. Consider this example. A middle-aged woman may wish to remain (16) attractive as possible. Her positive goal is to appear desirable, and (17) she may use a perfume advertised to make her irresistible. A negative goal may be to prevent her skin (18) aging, and therefore she may buy and use face creams. (19) the former case, she uses perfume to help her achieve her positive goal -- attractiveness; in the (20) case, she uses face creams to help avoid a negative goal -- wrinkled skin.

单项选择题

阅读下面短文,回答下 * * 道题。
汉字究竟起源于何时呢我认为,这可以以西安半坡村遗址距今的年代为指标。半坡遗址的年代,距今有6000年左右。我认为,这也就是汉字发展的历史。
半坡遗址是新石器时代仰韶文化的典型,以红质黑纹的彩陶为其特征。其后的龙山文化,则以薄质坚硬的黑陶为其特征。值得注意的是:半坡彩陶上每每有一些类似文字的简单刻画,和器物上的花纹判然不同。黑陶上也有这种刻画、但为数不多。该画的意义至今虽尚未阐明,但无疑是具有文字性质的符号,如花押或者族徽之类。我国后来的器物上,无论是陶器、铜器或者其他成品,有“物勒工名”的传统,特别是殷代的青铜上有一些表示族徽的刻画文字,和这些符号极为相类似。由后以例前,也就如由黄河下游以溯源于星宿海,彩陶上的那些刻画符号,可以肯定地说就是中国文字的起源,或者中国原始文字的孑遗。
同样值得注意的,是彩陶上的花纹。结构虽然简单,而笔触颇为精巧,具有引人的魅力。其中有些绘画,如人形、人面形、人着长衫形、鱼形、首形、鸟形、草木形、轮形(或以为太阳)等等,画得颇为得心应手,看来显然在使用柔软形的笔了。有人以为这些绘画是当时的象形文字,其说不可靠。当时是应该有象形文字的,但这些图形,就其部位而言,确是花纹,而不是文字。
在陶器上既有类似文字的刻画,又有使用着颜料和柔软形的笔所绘画的花纹,不可能否认在别的质地上,如竹木之类,已经在用笔来书写初步的文字:只是这种质地是容易毁灭的,在今天很难有实物保留下来。如果在某种情况之下,幸运的还有万一的保留,那就有待于考古工作的进一步发掘和幸运地发现了。
总之,在我看来,彩陶和黑陶上的刻画符号应该是汉字的原始阶段。创造它们的是劳动人民,形式是草率急就的。
(节选自郭沫若《古代文字之辩证的发展》)

作者认为半坡彩陶上的刻画具有文字性质,其理由是( )。

A.半坡彩陶上的刻画比较简单,因而意义至今尚未阐明。

B.半坡彩陶上的刻画记号同殷代铜器上的一些刻画文字极相类似。

C.半坡彩陶上的刻画虽没有意义,但和器物上的花纹明显不同。

D.半坡彩陶上的刻画常见,而黑陶上的刻画为数不多。