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问题 单项选择题

我们在实际工作中，都会面对处理工作计划与工作实际的关系，这在哲学上就是处理（）

A.唯物主义和唯心主义的关系

B.思维和存在的关系

C.个人与社会的关系

D.个人与他人的关系

答案

参考答案：B

解析：作答时要注意审读设问，明确答题方向，审读材料，找准切入点，本题旨在考查考生对基础知识的掌握能力以及考生反思问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力。材料中的“工作计划”属于思维范畴，“工作实际”是存在的范畴，因此答案B正确；唯物主义和唯心主义的关系强调的是思维和存在何者为本原的问题，A不符合题意；CD均和题意无关。考点：本题考查哲学的基本问题。

单项选择题

Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people.
"The burnt child fears the fire" is one instance ; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both examples also point up the fact that attitudes stem from experience. In one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were indoctrinated largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect.
Another reason it is true is that pupils often delve somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities) , science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom... these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions.
However. when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences.
To illustrate, first grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.
Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be deleterious if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.

The word "despot" underlined in Paragraph 2 means a person ______.

A．who enjoys a high reputation

B．who is very successful in politics

C．with unlimited powers

D．who deposits a large sum of money in a bank
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判断题

办理封锁手续，设置移动停车信号防护，不限制列车运行速度的工作及在区间卸砂、石料时，应由职务不低于领工员（分队长）的人员指挥。
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