问题 问答题 简答题

什么叫心肌顿抑?其发生机制是什么?

答案

参考答案:

心肌顿抑是指遭受短时间可逆性缺血损伤的心肌,在血流恢复或基本恢复后一段时间内出现的暂时性收缩功能降低的现象。自由基爆发性生成和钙超载是心肌顿抑的主要发病机制。

①自由基与膜磷脂、蛋白质、核酸等发生过氧化反应,破坏心肌细胞胞浆和膜蛋白的功能,造成细胞内外离子分布异常,心肌舒缩功能降低;

②自由基与钙超载均可损伤线粒体膜,使线粒体功能障碍,ATP生成减少,心肌能量代谢障碍;

③钙超载和自由基直接损伤收缩蛋白,甚至引起心肌纤维断裂,抑制心肌收缩功能;

④自由基破坏肌浆网膜,抑制钙泵活性,引起钙超载和心肌舒缩功能障碍。钙超载与自由基互为因果,进一步抑制心肌功能。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Look at the first picture, where are the children now? They are in the zoo. They are looking at the

koalas. The koalas are in a large cage (笼子). Are the koalas walking or jumping (跳跃)? They are

jumping up and down in the cage. But one koalas is not jumping. It's sleeping. It is ill (生病的).    

     Look at the second picture. Where are the children now? They are standing next to a small cage.

What's in the small cage? There is a fox (狐狸) What is the fox doing?The fox is walking in the cage. It

is looking for something to eat. It wants to go out of the cage to play and walk.    

     Look at the third picture. The children are looking at the tiger. Is the tiger sleeping? No, it isn't. It

isn't sleeping at all. The tiger is eating. What is the tiger eating? It is eating meat. There is some meat in

its mouth.

1. The children in the pictures are in the ______.

A. museum     

B. school   

C. zoo  

D. garden

2. Why is the koala not jumping? Because it is ______.

A. ill        

B. tired     

C. cazy   

D. have a rest

3. The koalas live in ______.

A. a small cage        

B. a big cage  

C. a park              

D. a room

4. What's the fox doing? It is ______.

A. walking                       

B. eating something

C. looking for food               

D. jumping

5. The tiger is eating ______.

A. chicken.      

B. bread      

C. eggs       

D. meat    

解答题