问题 单项选择题

到2017年,我国竞争性领域和环节价格基本放开,政府定价范围主要限定在重要公用事业、公益性服务、网络型自然垄断环节。推进价格机制改革()

①表明政府不再干预市场价格

②要充分发挥市场决定价格作用

③是规范市场秩序的治本之策

④要正确处理市场和政府的关系

A、①②

B、③④

C、①③

D、②④

答案

参考答案:D

解析:

“竞争性领域和环节价格基本放开,政府定价范围主要限定在重要公用事业、公益性服务、网络型自然垄断环节”说明推进价格机制改革要充分发挥市场决定价格作用,要正确处理市场和政府的关系,故②④符合题意,可以入选;①说法错误,市场调节具有自发性、盲目性和滞后性等固有弊端,因此政府不可能不进行宏观调控,排除;③说法错误,形成以道德为支撑、法律为保障的社会信用制度是规范市场秩序的治本之策,排除。故本题答案选D。

【考点】市场配置资源;宏观调控

填空题

Some consumer researchers distinguish_____(1) "rational" motives and "emotional" (or "non-rational") motives. They use the term "rationality"_____(2) the traditional economic sense that assumes_____(3) consumers behave rationally when they carefully consider all alternatives_____(4) choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e., satisfaction). _____(5) a marketing context, the term "rationality" implies that the consumer selects goods based_____(6) totally objective criteria, such_____(7) size, weight, price, and so on. "Emotional" motives imply the selection of goods____(8) to personal or subjective criteria — the desire_____(9) individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.The assumption underlying this distinction is____(10) subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize utility or satisfaction. _____ (11), it is reasonable to assume that consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, ____(12) their view, serve to maximize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based_____(13) the individual’’s own needs as_____(14) as on past behavioral, social, and learning experiences. What may appear_____(15) irrational to an outside observer may be perfectly rational ______(16) the context of the consumer’’s own psychological field. For example, a product purchased to enhance one’’s self-image (such as a fragrance) is a perfectly rational form of consumer behavior. ____(17) behavior did not appear rational to the person who undertakes it_____ (18) the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it._____(19) the distinction between rational and emotional motives does not appear to be warranted.Some researchers go so far_____(20) to suggest that emphasis_____ (21) "needs" obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that con sumers act consciously____(22) maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act not____(23) subconscious drives but from rational preferences,____(24) what they perceive to be_____(25) their own best interests.

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