问题 问答题 简答题

可得性启发法(availabilityheuristic)的核心思想是什么?

答案

参考答案:

可得性(availability)启发法指人们倾向于根据一个客体或事件在知觉或记忆中的可得性程度来评估其相对频率,容易知觉到的或回想起的被判定为经常出现。这是一种典型的根据认知难易程度来选择和加工信息。人们通过不费力地回想出的信息进行概率推断,结果导致赋予那些易见的、容易记起的信息以过大的比重,而对大量的其它必须考虑的信息“视而不见”。

名词解释
单项选择题

I was a single parent of four small children, working at a low paid job. Money was always tight, but we had a (1) over our heads, food on the table, clothes on our backs, and if not a lot, always (2) . Not knowing we were poor, my kids just thought I was (3) . I’ve always been glad about that.

It was Christmas time, and although there wasn’t (4) for a lot of gifts, we planned to celebrate with a family party. But the big (5) for the kids was the fun of Christmas (6) .

They planned weeks ahead of time, asking (7) what they wanted for Christmas. Fortunately, I had saved MYM120 for (8) to share by all five of us.

The big (9) arrived. I gave each kid a twenty-dollar bill and (10) them to look for gifts of about four dollars each. Then everyone scattered. We had two hours to shop; then we would (11) back at the "Santa’s Workshop".

Driving home, everyone was in high Christmas spirits, (12) my younger daughter, Ginger, who was unusually (13) . She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies—fiftycent candies! I was so angry, but I didn’t say anything (14) we got home. I called her into my bedroom and closed the door, (15) to be angry again. This is what she told me.

"I was looking (16) thinking of what to buy, and I (17) to read the little cards on the ’Giving Trees’. One was for a little girl, four years old, and all she (18) for Christmas was a doll. So I took the card off the tree and (19) the doll for her. We have so much and she doesn’t have anything. "

I never felt so (20) as I did that day.

16()

A.out 

B.over 

C.forward 

D.around