问题 问答题 简答题

何谓肝硬化?简要分析肝硬化的发生机制。

答案

参考答案:

肝硬化是一种由多种病因引起的慢性进行性、弥漫性肝病,以肝细胞变性、坏死、肝内广泛纤维化、肝细胞再生形成结节为基本病理特征,并伴有肝小叶结构和血管的破坏和改建。临床上早期无明显症状,晚期可出现肝功能异常和门脉高压症等表现。肝硬化的发生机制主要有三个环节:

①长期的肝细胞损害。

②弥漫性肝纤维化。

③肝细胞再生形成结节。

阅读理解

任务型读写。

     阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

     注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

                                                      Robot (机器人) revolution

     The day that a robot wakes you up, cleans your room and walks your dog might still be a few decades

off. But increasingly, engineers are saying that robots are going to make the leap (跳跃) from the factory

floor to your family room.

     Companies like Sony and General Electric are working on designs for small robots. Products like the

Roomba, a robot that can clean floors, are flying off the shelves. On the cover of a recent issue of Scientific

American magazine, Bill Gates predicted the "Dawn of the Age of Robots".

     What's behind this new era (时代)? It's partly a matter of technology. Devices that can recognize and

respond (回应) to a human voice have been developed. There are now a few different ways for robots to

move around. They can walk, crawl (爬行) or ride on wheels. They are being made smaller and smaller.

They are also becoming more and more energy efficient.

     A bigger part of the story is on the demand side. From the day Robert Adler invented the television remote

control in the 1950s, people around the world have tirelessly searched for ways to get lazier.

     Also take into consideration the increasing wealth of rich people, the time appears ripe to introduce robots

to ease our daily lives.

     To be sure, robots that walk on two legs and talk like people are still too complex for our present

engineering abilities. Today's robot revolution is to make them for everyday use. Robots will do basic

housework such as cleaning or gardening, or just help you have more fun on the basketball court.

     What makes a robot different from an ordinary cleaning machine is not the presence of computer chips

(芯片). Nowadays even your microwave has a computer chip. It is the ability to sense and make changes

to the environment (环境) in real time.

     For example, a floor-cleaning robot should be able to sense your scared cat and move out of the way.

Today's computing ability is, for the first time, able to make machines that could "think", at least in certain

limited ways.

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