【背景资料】某工业厂房车间3层，7度抗震设防。高度20m，长度为70m，独立基础，结构形式为砌体承重结构。在建成使用几个月后发现底层局部地面呈锅底形下沉，砼地面脱落、开裂，后来又发生墙体开裂，裂缝呈正八字裂缝和斜向裂缝，裂缝宽度达1mm～2mm，一般分布在底层中下部，且首先在窗对角突破，严重影响了建筑物的使用和工厂面貌，给工厂造成了重大的经济损失。经翻阅资料发现，该仓房实际上处于软弱土层，且为淤泥质土，地勘报告不准确；最终认定是由于地面不均匀沉降造成的危害
以下（）措施可以减少基底附加应力，使地基变形也减小。
A.采用轻质墙体材料和轻型结构，减少墙体自重
B.采用架空地板代替室内厚填土
C.设臵地下室或半地下室，减轻室内覆土的重量，减轻对地基的荷载
D.采取覆土少、自重轻的基础形式等
参考答案：A, B, C, D
| 完形填空。 | ||||
| When you are in England, you must be very careful in the street because the traffic drives 1 . 2 you cross the street, you must look to the right first and then the left. If the traffic lights (交通灯) 3 the traffic must stop. Then the people 4 can cross the road carefully. If the traffic lights are green, the traffic can 5 . People on foot mustn't cross. In the morning and in the evening, when people go to or come from work, the streets are very 6 . The traffic is the most dangerous then. When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful, too. Always 7 the traffic moves on the left. So you must be careful. 8 first, or you will go the wrong way. In many English 9 , there are big buses with two floors. You can sit on the second floor. From there you can see the city very well. How 10 ! | ||||
|