问题 选择题

图是《先秦与古希腊:中西文化之源》一书中某章节的目录,请根据目录拟出最合适章节名称是(   )

A.环境:大陆与海洋

B.政体:帝制与共和
C.传统:专制与民主
D.基础:农业和商业

答案

C

题目分析:
从图片文字信息可以看出,材料体现了中国古代的政治制度和希腊的政治制度,中国古代是专制制度,希腊是民主制度。故答案选择C项。

点评:古代东西方政治制度的比较。

比较角度

古代中国

古代希腊、罗马

形成的必然性

区域辽阔-农业文明(农业经济)-分散的自然经济;农民需要强有力的政府保护,抵御自然灾害;封建地主阶级也需要有一个强有力的 * * 保护封建土地所有制-形成强大的皇权。

地处地中海沿岸,山多地少、港湾、岛屿众多-海洋文明,商品经济发达-有公民的法则及自由、宽松、民主的政治氛围-小国林立、民主发达、法律体系完善

发展趋向

趋向专制

走向民主

政治改革、法律制度

加强君主专制,法制是维护专制主义中央集权制度的工具

古希腊进一步实行民主,并以法律作保证。古罗马先是共和,法律限制贵族特权;后是独裁,把君主制以法律形式固定下来

文明延续与否和政治制度的关系

专制主义中央集权制度在当时有力地推动了社会经济发展、科技文化进步,并成为巩固统一多民族国家的有力保障,使文明代代延续。

缺乏强有力的权威,国家不统一,经常分崩离析,易摧毁文明,破坏文明的发展历程。

认识

人和类文明史上没有完美无缺的政治制度,它们都有其存在的合理性和时代、阶级的局限性。

阅读理解

第三节:阅读理解(共20小题,每题2.5分,满分50分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳答案

A couple of years ago, I received a $ 600 insurance dividend (保险股息).Sitting at the kitchen table, my wife and I discussed what we might do with the money. I realized now that the refrigerator overheard our talk. The very next day it went wrong. The repairman told us we needed a new unit. Cost:$600. Not long after that, we got a refund(赔偿金)from the shop, enough to pay for a trip to Mexico. “I’ve something to tell you,” I said to my wife in a low voice. “How about the living-room?” she suggested. I remembered the color TV set was there. “No, not there. Let’s go out.” I showed her the check as we stood on the driveway. We held each other excitedly and hardly noticed the rain. My car was parked within5 meters. I didn’t think anything about it at the time. As I started for the airport the next day, the car began making strange sounds. Changing the engine cost about $ 1, 000.

Then I looked through our financial records. I discovered that during the last ten years we spent all our “found money” repairing a hot water heater, a television and a stove.

I never mention money in front of our mechanical equipment. But if this article is published and I am paid for, the word processor(文字信息处理机)is going to go for sure. It’ll know.

1. What went wrong first as the writer’s?

A. The refrigerator          B. The stove

C. The TV set              D. The engine of the car

2. What has been repaired and still remains all right?

A. The car                 B. The color TV set

C. The stove               D. The hot water heater

3. Which statement is wrong according to the passage?

A.There are many pieces of modern equipment in the writer’s home

B.The writer often discusses with his wife on how to spend their money.

C.The writer has gone into a lot of trouble to repair his things

D.The writer’s refrigerator can overhear him