问题 单项选择题

工资水平(W)是劳动者选择“工作”或“休闲”的关键因素。若工资水平提高,劳动者最初会选择增加工作时间,以获得更多收入,此时,劳动力供给量(L)会增加;若工资水平继续提高,以至于劳动者认为休闲比收入增长更重要时,宁愿选择增加休闲而减少工作时间,致使劳动力供给量(L)反而减少。下列能体现这一变化规律的图形是()

答案

参考答案:B

解析:A选项观点与题意不符,题意最初随着工资水平的提高,劳动力供给量会增加,而不是减少,故排除。B选项观点正确且符合题意,题中图示与题中工资水平和劳动力供给之间的关系相符,故入选。C选项观点与题意不符,工资水平不断提高,而不是下降,故排除。D选项观点与题意不符,工资水平提高到一定程度,劳动力供给量下降,而不是上升,故排除。

判断题
填空题

Motivation is "the driving force within individuals that impels them to action." And goals are the sought-after results_____(1) motivated behavior.Motivation can be either positive or negative_____(2) direction. We may feel a driving force toward some object or condition, _____(3) a driving force away from some object or condition. For example, a person may be impelled toward a restaurant to fulfill a need, hunger, and away_____(4) an airplane to fulfill a need of safety. Some psychologists refer to positive drives_____(5) needs, wants or desires,_____(6) negative drives as fears or aversions._____ (7), though negative and positive motivational forces seem to differ dramatically_____(8) terms of physical and sometimes emotional activity, they are basically similar in_____(9) they both serve to initiate and sustain human behavior.____(10) this reason, researchers often refer _____(11) both kinds of drives or motives as needs, wants and desires.Goals, _____(12), can be either positive or negative. A positive goal is one toward_____ (13) behavior is directed and it is often referred to as an approach object. A negative goal is _____(14) from which behavior is directed away and it is sometimes referred to as an avoidance object. Since both approach and avoidance goals can be considered objectives of motivated behavior, most researchers refer to_____(15) types simply as goals. Consider this example. A middle-aged woman may wish to remain_____(16) attractive as possible. Her positive goal is to appear desirable, and_____(17) she may use a perfume advertised to make her irresistible. A negative goal may be to prevent her skin_____(18) aging, and therefore she may buy and use face creams._____(19) the former case, she uses perfume to help her achieve her positive goal — attractiveness; in the____(20) case, she uses face creams to help avoid a negative goal — wrinkled skin.