问题 问答题 论述题

如何理解肝主藏血?心主血脉、脾统血、肝藏血三者有何联系?

答案

参考答案:

肝主藏血,是指肝具有贮藏血液调节循环血量的功能,并有防止出血的作用。肝藏血更主要的目的是为了调节体内的循环血量,当人活动的时候,大量的血液运行五脏六腑的经脉之中,当人安静休息的时候,则大量的血液流归肝脏贮藏起来。如果肝的藏血功能失常,则常常出现各方面的病变。例如:肝血不足,可见两目昏花,雀盲(夜盲)、肢麻振颤、妇女月经量少等症状;若肝气逆乱,血随气逆,则可出现吐血、衄血、妇女血崩等肝不藏血的病变,若肝血瘀滞,则见胸胁刺痛,胁下瘀块、妇女痛经等。正是由于心主脉,维持血脉搏动,推动血液在脉管内运行,而脾统血,使血液潜行于血脉之内不致外溢,更加上肝藏血,能根据人体在不同的生理状态下对血液的需求,而恰当地调节着循环血量,保证了血液循环正常进行。所以说心主血脉、脾统血、肝藏血三者在血液循环这一生理活动过程中,存在着有机的联系。

选择题
单项选择题


Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.
Passage One

The Warranty Holdings Group, a European leader in mechanical breakdown insurance and a researcher and commentator on trends in motoring, says that the motorists’ world 20 years from now will be marked by more cars, more choice and more technology. Built-in safety features will increase and will include night-vision and collision-avoidance system, and monitoring devices to stop drivers falling asleep at the wheel.
A growth in tele-working and home shopping should cut the numbers of trips in a car made by most motorists and "fun" sports cars will become popular as private motoring becomes more recreational in nature.
The survey results show that despite years of research into alternative fuel sources for vehicles, no clear winner has emerged for a replacement for the conventional petrol-engined car. Gas and electricity are the best possibilities, with Toyota’s design division in Japan claiming it already has an electric car that will drive up to 250kin on a single charge.
However, while electric and "hybrid" powered vehicles will be far more in evidence in the future, it will take a major technological breakthrough to steer the car industry away from its current path of gradual improvements to the petrol-driven internal combustion engine.
Professor Garel Rhys, of the Cardiff Business School in Wales, says engine fuel injection systems of the future will be far more frugal than anything that exists at the moment. "It will be like putting a pipette of petrol into the cylinders, rather than just throwing it in by the bucket load, which is almost what we do at the moment when you compare it with what could be possible. "
Some environmentalists point to the Twingo, the small car developed by France’s Renault company, to show that what could be achieved by the world’s car industry if it moved away from a trend towards bigger and more powerful cars and radically cut the fuel consumption of its products. Public opinion polls in many countries show motorists wanting access to this kind of environmentally-aware car.
A prototype environmental car, the SMILE (smaller, intelligent, lighten, efficient) has been put together by the environmental group Greenpeace. The group hopes the concept will catch on. It depends heavily on supercharging or forcing fuel mixture into the cylinders at higher than normal pressure. Some experts say this is a good way to extract high performance and high fuel efficiency from small engines.
Cutting the fuel consumption has had no negative effect on the handling or performance of the car, according to the designers. Top speed, flexibility and acceleration from the engine is as good or better than the original Twingo. They say the technology used to create the Twingo SMILE could just as easily be used on other brands of car.
What remains to be seen is whether the enthusiasm of environmental designers catches on with the dollar-driven international car industry, and whether motorists back up with their chequebooks their desire for "greener" cars.

The author thinks that environmentalists who are keen for environmental cars

A.can be very optimistic

B.are more likely to be disappointed than satisfied

C.will have to be patient

D.should be cautious