问题 问答题 论述题

试述中医理论的整体观念。

答案

参考答案:

所谓整体观念,即指中医学对人体本身的完整性,以及人与自然统一关系的整体认识。整体观念包括两方面的内涵:

①人体自身的整体性。人体是由若干脏腑、组织、器官组成,各脏腑、组织、器官都具不同的生理功能。然而它们密切配合,共同完成了人体的生命活动,决定了机体的整体统一性。这种整体性是以五脏为中心,通过经络沟通,联系于六腑、形体官窍、五志、五液、五色、五味构成5个生理活动系统,这5个生理系统之间又存在着相互依赖、相互制约的生克制化关系,并在精、气、血、津液等物质的循环贯通作用下,形成有机的整体,完成统一的生命活动。这种五脏一体观反映人体内部是个统一整体。

②人与自然的统一性。人类生存于大自然之中,是大自然的组成部分,大自然又是人类赖以生存的环境;同时自然界的季节气候,昼夜晨昏的运动变化又可直接或间接地影响人体,而机体则相应地发生生理和病理的反映。都说明了人体与自然界息息相通、密切相关。

阅读理解

There has been an outpouring of love for, a 23-year-old disabled woman whose dog was killed in front of her while a groomer(美容师) tried to trim(修剪) its claws.

Calls and e-mails came from as far away as the Upper Peninsula and Arizona as well as Oakland and Macomb counties, offering Laurie Crouch, who uses a wheelchair because of multiple sclerosis(硬化症), everything from dogs to money, such as that from Jason Daly of Roseville who said, “ I would like to buy her a new dog.”

A story about the death of Crouch’s pet, Gooch, was printed on the front page of Macomb Daily. Crouch said a man sat on the dog to trim its nails. Gooch died after one claw was trimmed.

Crouch yelled at the groomer to stop when she saw Gooch was struggling to breathe, but she said she was ignored. “If I could have walked, I would have put my hands on her and pulled her off my dog and physically stopped her, but I can’t do that.” Gooch was not a trained service animal, but naturally helped Crouch by picking up things for her.

“This case is absolute animal abuse(虐待),” Larry Obrecht, division manager of the Oakland County Animal Shelter in Auburn Hills, said.

People who read the story contacted Oakland Press to offer help. A message, from Rebecca Amett of Giggles N Wiggles Puppy Rescue, in Roseville, said, “We have puppies to donate … and want to help the young woman who lost her service dog.”

“When Gooch was with me, I was happy,” Crouch said, “I think I can be happy again but no animal can replace Gooch. There’s never going to be another Gooch out there but I think I will find a dog that can bring me joy again.”

小题1:What does the passage mainly tell us?

A.A disabled woman’s service dog.

B.A cruel groomer killed a disabled woman’s dog.

C.People’s love for a disabled woman who lost her dog.

D.Disabled woman loves to have the dog as company.小题2:People called and emailed to             .

A.offer help and care to Laurie Crouch.

B.give their angry voice to the groomer.

C.offer a cure for Crouch’s disease.

D.tell Crouch how to punish the groomer.小题3:Gooch died mainly because           .

A.the groomer was careless.

B.the groomer sat on the dog with another man.

C.the dog was wearing a collar.

D.the groomer didn’t know how to trim the dog’s nails小题4:We can infer from the passage that          .

A.Crouch refused to take another dog.

B.Crouch must be sad after losing her dog.

C.Crouch has accepted another dog from a stranger.

D.Crouch can live well without a dog’s company.

单项选择题