问题 问答题 案例分析题

材料一:中国是全球汽车最大消费市场,国际上大量汽车制造商加入中国汽车市场。近年来,随着科技的进步和生产效率的提高,我国汽车特别是轿车的价格呈不断下降的趋势,每年的下降幅度达两成左右。同时,激烈的高层竞争使汽车企业价格大战此起彼伏。材料二:2012年9月11日零点起,汽、柴油价格每吨提高550元、540元,由于油价上涨,小排量汽车和电动汽车、自行车销售好于大排量汽车。

运用经济生活有关知识,分析说明我国汽车价格不断下降的原因。

答案

参考答案:

①价值决定价格。生产汽车的社会劳动生产率不断提高,价值量减少;

②价格还受到供求关系的影响。供过于求,也会导致价格下降,汽车生产能力的增长开始超过需求的增长,供求关系发生变化;

③汽车厂商为占有更多的市场份额,纷纷通过降价增强竞争力。

解析:

影响价格的因素有两个,一个是价值,一个是供求,在涉及价格的题目中,考生要从这两个方面考虑,汽车价格下降,一个是因为汽车劳动生产率提高,商品的价值降低,从而降低价格;汽车劳动生产率提高,汽车的数量增加,供应就会增加,供过于求,也会导致汽车的价格下降

阅读理解

New train route opens from China to Germany

A container(集装箱) train left Beijing on Wednesday on its way to Hamburg, Germany. The new service was welcomed as real progress made in international rail cooperation.

The train will travel about 9,800 kilometers through six countries, including China, Mongolia, Russia, Belarus, Poland and Germany. The trip has gained support from those in customs declaration and clearance.

Zhang Mingli, chairman of China Conainer Transportation Co., said, “This can be seen as a breakthrough in our cooperation. Today , railway officials from six countries are here to witness this event. This is very important to the development of the Asia-Europe Continental Bridge. This means of transportation has great potential for the countries involved.”

Cargo on board includes electronic products, textiles and shoes. The trip to Hamburg, Germany will take 18 days. The same trip would take at least 40 days by container ship.

Tomasl Palaszewski, vice president of Polish Natiional Railway, said, “There is big potential for container transportation to Europe.  The ceremony today shows that it will bring big benefits to all of us. So we hope that it will not only be a pilot train, but a permanent connection between China and Europe.”

Railway officials from the six countries will discuss detailed measures to advance container transportation.

Experts expect that the new land route will take a big slice of the pie of Chinese­-EU trade. But improvements in Chinese railway networks will still matter. China has plans to invest huge amounts of money to build up 18 railway container terminals in the coming five years.

63. The purpose of this passage is to _______.

A. tell us about a new train route from China to Germany

B. promote the relationships between China and Europe

C. introduce a newly-developed container train

D. improve Chinese railway conditions

64.The new train route from China to Germany will______.

A. be opened in the coming five years          B. strengthen the Chinese-EU trade

C. make it convenient for us to visit Germany    D. take the place of container ships

65.From this passage, we know that_____.

A. it was China alone that built the new train route

B. not all of the countries along the new train route will support the event

C. one of the problems in railway cooperation between countries is customs declaration and clearance

D. the train mainly carries grains from China to Europe

66.The underlined word “pilot” most probably means ______.

A. guide       B. beginning      C. cooperative   D. cargo

67. From this passage, we can safely conclude that ______

A. there will be more and more railway cooperation between China and Europe

B. more and more Chinese will have better chances to visit Europe

C. Europeans enjoy Chinese electronic products

D. China-EU trade will depend on this newly-developed cargo train

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