问题 解答题

2007年6月下旬以来,栖息在洞庭湖区400多万亩湖洲中的约20亿只东方田鼠,随着水位上涨部分内迁.它们四处打洞,啃食庄稼.专家分析出现鼠患的原因是:围湖造田,生态环境遭受了破坏;与此同时,东方田鼠的天敌猫头鹰、老鹰等数量则在急剧减少;特别是湖南一些地方开始吃蛇肉后,野生蛇的数量急剧下降,东方田鼠失去了天敌.请根据以上资料分析:

(1)洞庭湖区的东方田鼠与它的生活环境共同构成了______,其中的非生物部分包括______(任写一种)等.

(2)请写出其中的一条食物链______.

(3)有人建议:可以在庄稼周围投放大量灭鼠药来消灭鼠患.你认为这种方法可不可取?______.请说明原因______.

答案

(1)生态系统是指在一定地域内,生物与环境所形成的统一整体.包括生物部分和非生物部分,生物部分包括植物、动物、细菌真菌等微生物,非生物部分包括阳光、空气、水、土壤、温度等.因此洞庭湖区的水稻、东方田鼠及其生活环境共同构成了生态系统,其中的非生物部分包括阳光、空气、水、温度.

(2)食物链是生产者与消费者之间吃与被吃的关系,写食物链时注意:只能以生产者开始,以最高层消费者结束;箭头指向捕食者.因此食物链是:庄稼→田鼠→老鹰.

(3)生态系统中的物质和能量就是沿着食物链和食物网流动的,有毒物质也会通过食物链不断积累.化学药物污染环境,会对其他生物造成危害,还会沿着食物链积累,最终对人造成危害.因此可以在庄稼周围投放大量灭鼠药来消灭鼠患.这种方法不可取.原因是田鼠的天敌如蛇、老鹰等也会被毒死.

 故答案为:

(1)生态系统;水;

(2)庄稼→田鼠→老鹰;

(3)不可取;田鼠的天敌如蛇、老鹰等也会被毒死;

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
阅读理解

Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horse back riding.

When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown. ” I had no idea how to find Linda.

Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.

One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda’s married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.

She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother. ”

Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!

小题1:The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans        .

A.at the age of 13

B.before she got married

C.after they moved to new homes

D.before the writer’s family moved away小题2:They didn’t often write to each other because they        .

A.got married

B.had little time to do so

C.didn’t like writing letters

D.could see each other on special time小题3:There was an empty place in the writer’s heart because she        .

A.was in trouble

B.didn’t know Linda’s address

C.received the card that she sent

D.didn’t have a friend like Linda to share her happiness or sadness小题4:The writer was happy when she        .

A.read the newspaper

B.heard Linda’s voice on the phone

C.met a young woman who looked a lot like Linda

D.wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman小题5:They haven’t kept in touch        .

A.for about 40 years

B.for about 27 years

C.since they got married

D.since the writer’s family moved away