问题 问答题 案例分析题

材料一:当中国城市陷入“堵车-拓宽公路-再堵车”的怪圈时,一些欧洲发达国家却出现从“四轮”到“两轮”的回归。欧盟国家中,23个成员国2012年自行车销量都超过了汽车销量,更多的人开始选择自行车作为出行方式。自行车大行其道,使得自行车专属的高速公路也开始在欧洲普及,德国正在研发靠气流助力的封闭自行车高速公路,骑行者可获得气流的助力推动,省力、提速又可避免汗流浃背。在英国伦敦,一条8.5英里长的自行车高速路于2010年7月启用,保证了郊区上班族的交通需要。伦敦市交通委员会的目标是,到2013年全市自行车出行将增加到每天2.7万辆,到2025年自行车骑行人次将比2000年增长4倍。材料二:2012年3月20日零点起,汽、柴油价格每吨提高600元。这也是一年内油价的第二次调整。由于油价上涨,汽车总体销量下降,小排量汽车和电动自行车销售好于大排量汽车。

请运用“生产与消费”的相关知识,分析材料一中蕴含的经济学道理

答案

参考答案:

①生产决定消费,生产决定消费的方式。自行车销量激增以及自行车高速公路的启用改变了人们生活和出行的方式。

②消费对生产具有重要的反作用,消费拉动经济增长,促进生产发展。选择自行车出行使得自行车销量的增加,能够拉动经济增长,促进生产发展。

③消费所形成的新的需要,对生产的调整和升级起着导向作用,一个新的消费热点的出现,往往能带动一个产业的出现和成长。人们对于自行车出行方式的喜爱,带动了自行车高速公路的研发和启用及自行车产业的发展。

解析:

题的原理指向性明确,生产与消费的辩证关系需要学生熟练、全面掌握和理解,从生产决定消费和消费对生产具有重要的反作用两个角度进行回答。材料中自行车销量增加及自行车高速公路的兴建启用改变了人们的消费对象和消费方式,体现的是生产决定消费;自行车的需求量的增加有利于拉动经济发展,促进生产;高速公路的研发和启用体现了消费对生产的调整和升级起着导向作用。学生可以从这些角度具体回答。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

   I know we don't have many serious talks, but now that I am on the edge of being an adult, I feel that

you need to know and understand me. During the past nine years that we have been in America, I have

grown greatly, changed from that wide-eyed and scared little girl to a proud and brave young woman.

The change wasn't always smooth, and I wasn't always patient, but you were both always understanding.

And through your understanding I have learned.

   I have learned from you. Dad, you wake up every morning to go to the steel plant, where people don't

speak your language and you don't speak theirs. I know that if you were in Vietnam, you would be

comfortably surrounded by friends. But you are here in America, doing what you don't like, and through

that, you are teaching your children the power of persistence.

   I have learned from you, Mom, you cook nice Vietnamese sour soup and fish, wait up at nights for

your daughters. When I see you pacing back and forth because your daughters aren't home yet, I cry

because I see so much pain in your eyes, and through your pain I learn the meaning of home a sanctuary

that I will always be able to turn to.

   Through all your sacrifices I learn the essence of being human. I learn to love. I find that this love leads

me to you, to the home, to the fact that I am Vietnamese-American. The dreams that you have taught me

slowly begin to take shape as I walk down the college path, step into the adult world and adventure out

of your world. Wherever I go, I carry my past with me, knowing that you will always be there behind me

and I will always come back, because you are where my home is.

1.This passage is a ______.

A. thank-you letter to the author's parents

B. comment on the author's parents

C. declaration of the author's growing up

D. message to praise the author's parents

2. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A. the girls in the family are very naughty

B. the author's mother regrets immigrating to the USA

C. the author is proud of being a Vietnamese-American

D. the author's father feels bad at work

3. The underlined part "a sanctuary" refers to ______.

A. a place full of happiness  

B. a place providing protection

C. a place full of laughter  

D. a place providing food

4. On the whole, the author's attitude to the USA is that ______.

A. she cherishes the fact of living in the USA

B. she hates the USA because of the suffering she has got there

C. she blames the USA for the pain it brings to them

D. she is curious about the American way of life