问题 单项选择题

黄宗羲说:“有明之无善治,自高皇帝(明太祖)罢丞相始也。”该论点实际上指出了在宰相制度下()

A.不可能产生明君贤吏的局面

B.容易形成极端君主专制

C.宰相对皇权有一定制约作用

D.政治腐败倾向更加严重

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

黄宗羲认为,政治变坏是从明太祖废除丞相开始的。在他看来,丞相可以在一定程度上制约君权,防止权力过于集中。ABD说法与此解析相反,因此错误。故选C

考点:明清进步思想

点评:解答此题的关键在于正确的理解材料。明末清初三大思想家共同主张如反对宋明理学、反对君主专制、主张经世致用、工商皆本等。与此相关的知识点如明清之际进步思潮出现的背景、主要内容实质等也需要掌握。

多项选择题
填空题


A good translator is by definition bilingual. The opposite is not (1) true, however. A born and bred bilingual will still need two (2) to become a translator: first, the skills and experience necessary for (3) ; second, knowledge of the field in which he or she will (4) . The skills and experience for translation include the ability to write (5) in the target language, the ability to read and understand the (6) language material thoroughly, and the ability to work with the latest (7) and communication hardware and software.
Does a born and bred bilingual (8) a better translator than someone who learned language B later in (9) There is no definite answer, but the following issues are important. (10) , a born and bred bilingual often suffers from not truly knowing (11) language well enough to translate, with some even suffering from what (12) known as a lingua-ism, a state in which a person lacks (13) full, fluent command of any language. Second, born and bred bilinguals (14) don’t know the culture of the target language well enough to (15) top-quality translations, or cannot recognize what aspects of the source language (16) its culture need to be treated with particular care, as they (17) in a sense too close to the language. And last, they often (18) the analytical linguistic skills to work through a sticky text.
On (19) other hand, the acquired bilingual may not have the sam0e in-depth (20) of colloquialisms, slang, and dialect that the born bilingual has. Also, the acquired bilingual will not be able to translate as readily in both directions (from B to language A and A to language B). Finally, born bilinguals often have a greater appreciation of the subtleties and nuances of both their languages than someone who learns their B language later in life can ever hope to have.