问题 问答题 案例分析题

阅读下列材料

材料一:顾炎武说“自古以来,小人之无忌惮,而敢于叛圣人者,莫甚于李贽“。

——《日知录》卷一八

材料二:李贽著作“皆狂悖乖谬,非圣无法”,“排击孔子,别立褒贬,凡千古相传之善恶,无不颠倒易位,尤为罪不容诛”。

——礼科给事中张问达弹劾李贽上疏

材料三:这些哲人受牛顿证实的万有引力定律的影响很大,相信存在着不仅控制物质世界、而且控制人类社会的自然法则。按照这一设想,他们开始将理性应用于所有领域,以便发现种种有效的自然法则。他们使一切事物——所有的人、所有的制度、所有的传统——受到理性的检验。虽然这对任何时期的任何社会来说,都是一个严峻考验,但是,对于已过了全盛时期、许多关节嘎嘎作响的法国旧制度,是尤其严峻的考验。因而,这些哲人使法国和整个欧洲的旧制度受到毁灭性的批判的猛击。更重要的是,他们发展起一系列革命的原则,打算通过这些原则实现大规模的社会改革。

——(美)斯塔夫里阿若斯《全球通史》

材料四:他的思想中包括一整套西方的政治价值观,这是康有为与其他同时代维新派思想家全都具有的,所不同的是康氏用一种思想体系来阐明这些价值:这个体系不但把他们纳入对儒家总的解释之中,而且将它们和清末国内的重要思潮联系在一起。由于康有为以人们熟悉的传统形式提出问题,因而西方的政治价值观发挥的号召力比以往其他形式所发挥的要大得多。

——费正清主编《剑桥中国晚清史》下卷

请回答:

根据材料二,概括这些哲人们思想的共同特征。“他们发起一系列的革命原则”主要有哪些?

答案

参考答案:

特征:推崇理性。

原则:天赋 * * 、自由平等、主权在民、权力分立、社会契约等。

解析:材料三中的这些哲人是指启蒙思想家,他们的共同特征是“他们使一切事物——所有的人、所有的制度、所有的传统——受到理性的检验。”“他们发起一系列的革命原则”是指启蒙思想家的政治主张;

选择题
阅读理解

Have you ever thought about developing your kids’interests in a positive manner? Have you thought about using music to help them focus their energies on a wonderful pursuit (追求)? Do you realize that by doing so, you will better equip them in life? Your little child will love you all his or her life for the first music lessons that you may give.

Most kids have an interest in music. The only thing to do for you is to give direction to their interests so that they can focus on learning the fine art. Music teaches children to be persistent and disciplined. It also teaches them to try towards perfection and be a good team player. All this helps them not only in their studies but also in facing the challenges of life. Thus music at home and home recording are the first lessons you can present to your children.

How to maintain the interests of kids in various kinds of music and instruments?  To solve this problem, it is important that at the beginning you bring home something that can hold the child’s interest for quite some time. This would include instruments such as electric guitar or drums. Encourage them to download music which is free over the Internet.

Another thing to remember is that no one becomes an expert overnight. Have patience with your child. No point in fussing over his skills too much. A few words of appreciation will mean the world to them. Ask for their opinions and stick to the choice for quite some time. Be generous in praise.

Music is the perfect gift you can present to your kids. It is never too late and the sooner you start, the better.

小题1:The author uses three questions at the beginning of the passage to _____.

A.test readers’ knowledge of music

B.show the effect of music on children

C.draw readers’ attention to the topic

D.ask readers to answer them小题2:The intended readers of the passage are _____.

A.teachers

B.musicians

C.children

D.parents小题3:This passage is mainly about _____.

A.how to direct children to pursue their interests

B.how to make children creative

C.how to draw children’s attention to music

D.how music affects children’s studies