问题 问答题 案例分析题

下基层、“接地气”,是一种工作目标、工作路线,更是一种工作作风、工作方法。接地气才能有底气、长灵气。

材料一:基层,是新闻报道永不枯竭的源头活水。2011年至2012年,中 * * 宣传部等五部委在全国新闻战线组织开展“走基层、转作风、改文风”活动,广大新闻工作者广泛响应、积极参与,深入厂矿社区、田间地头“蹲点”采访。他们倾听百姓心声、展开田野调查、用镜头捕捉时代变迁……大量来自基层一线的鲜活报道,受到社会各界的欢迎和好评,增强了新闻宣传的吸引力和感染力。

材料二:为制定“十二五”规划,国家组织国内67个部门和政治、经济、文化、社会等方面1万多名专家深入研究经济和社会发展规律,系统学习和领会党的政策报告,面对新形势、新变化、新问题,提出新对策、新举措;努力做到符合规律、符合国情。8个调研组分赴13个省区市,并到上百个农村、社区、企业等基层单位实地调研,为顺利制定“十二五”规划奠定了重要基础。

请从《文化生活》角度,说明为什么新闻工作者开展“走、转、改”活动能够增强新闻宣传的吸引力和感染力?

答案

参考答案:

①社会实践是文化创新的源泉。广大新闻工作者深入基层才能创作出更多有价值的新闻报道。

②人民群众是社会实践的主体,也是文化创造的主体。关注人民群众的根本利益,反映基层群众的呼声,从人民群众的伟大实践和丰富多彩的生活中汲取营养,才能创作出真实可信、反映时代要求的新闻报道。

③建设中国特色社会主义文化,要发展人民大众喜闻乐见的文化。通过深入基层,了解人民群众对文化生活的基本需要,才能提供群众喜爱的、有实用价值的新闻信息服务。

④大众传媒是现代社会文化传播的主要手段。新闻工作者用镜头捕捉时代变迁促进了文化的传播。

解析:

第一问以新闻工作者开展“走基层、转作风、改文风”活动为材料,从文化生活的角度说明该活动为什么能够增强新闻宣传的吸引力和感染力,问题范围较为宽泛,可运用的原理贯穿于整个文化生活,学生要根据对材料的解读选择适合的原理回答。“走、转、改”活动是深入基层,深入实践,体现了文化创作的源泉是社会实践;深入基层,汲取人民群众的智慧,体现了文化创作的主体是人民群众;深入基层,才能真正了解人民群众的精神需求,才能真正提供人民大众喜闻乐见的文化产品;新闻工作者用镜头捕捉时代变迁,说明大众传媒是文化传播的主要手段。

单项选择题
问答题

(46)The climatic phenomenon that is being blamed for floods, hurricanes and early snowstorms also deserves credit for encouraging plant growth and helping to control the pollutant linked to global warming, a new study shows.
E1 Nino—the periodic warming of eastern Pacific Ocean waters—causes a burst of plant growth throughout the world, and this removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, researchers have found.
(47)The new study shows that natural weather events,such as the brief warming caused by E1 Nino, have a much more dramatic effect than previously believed on how much carbon dioxide is absorbed by plants and how much of the gas is expelled by the soil.
Atmospheric carbon dioxide, or CO2, has been increasing steadily for decades. This is thought to be caused by an expanded use of fossil fuels and by toppling of tropical forests. Scientists have linked the CO2 rise to global warming, a phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect. (48)Alarmed, nations of the world now are drawing up new conservation policies to reduce fossil fuel burning, in hopes of reducing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
But David Schimel of the National Center for Atmospheric Research,a co-author of the new study, says that before determining how much to reduce fossil fuel burning we should consider the effects of natural climate variations on the ability of plants to absorb CO2.
Schimel said satellite measurements of CO2, plant growth and temperature show that natural warming events such as E1 Nino at first cause more CO2 to be released into the atmosphere, probably as the result of accelerated decay of dead plant matter in the soil. But later, within two years, there is an explosion of growth in forests and grasslands, which means plants suck more carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.
" We think that there is a delayed response in vegetation and soil to the warming effects of such phenomena as E1 Nino, and this leads to increased plant growth, " said Schimel.
(49)However, he said, it is not clear whether the warming by E1 Nino causes a net decrease in the buildup of CO2 over the long haul. " We don’t really know that yet, " said Schimel. What the study does show, however, is that the rise and fall of CO2 in the atmosphere is ply influenced by natural changes in global temperature, said B. H. Braswell of the University of New Hampshire, another co-author of the study.
Braswell said that in years when the global weather is cooler than normal, there is a decrease in both the decay of dead plants and in new plant growth. This causes an effect that is the opposite of E1 Nino warming: CO2 atmosphere levels first decline and later increase.
(50) " I think we have demonstrated that the ecosystem has a lot more to do with climate change than was previously believed," said Braswell, " Focusing on the role of human activity in climate change is important, but manmade factors are not the only factors. \