阅读古文，按要求回答问题。

【甲】十年春，齐师伐我。公将战，曹刿请见。其乡人曰：“肉食者谋之，又何间焉？”刿曰：“肉食者鄙，未能远谋。”乃入见。问：“何以战？”公曰：“衣食所安，弗敢专也，必以分人。”对曰：“小惠未徧，民弗从也。”公曰：“牺牲玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信。”对曰：“小信未孚，神弗福也。”公曰：“小大之狱，虽不能察，必以情。”对曰：“忠之属也，可以一战。战则请从。”

公与之乘，战于长勺。公将鼓之。刿曰：“未可。”齐人三鼓。刿曰：“可矣。”齐师败绩。公将驰之。刿曰：“未可。”下视其辙，登轼而望之， 曰：“可矣。”遂逐齐师。

既克，公问其故。对曰：“夫战，勇气也。一鼓作气，再而衰，三而竭。彼竭我盈，故克之。夫大国，难测也，惧有伏焉。吾视其辙乱，望其旗靡。故逐之。（《曹刿论战》）

【乙】公输盘曰：“吾义固不杀人。” 子墨子起，再拜，曰：“请说之。吾从北方闻子为梯，将以攻宋。宋何罪之有？荆国有余于地，而不足于民，杀所不足而争所有余，不可谓智；宋无罪而攻之，不可谓仁；知而不争，不可谓忠；争而不得，不可谓强；义不杀少而杀众，不可谓知类。” 公输盘服。

于是见公输盘。子墨子解带为城，以牒为械。公输盘九设攻城之机变，子墨子九距之。公输盘之攻械尽，子墨子之守圉有余。公输盘诎，而曰：“吾知所以距子矣，吾不言。”子墨子亦曰：“吾知子之所以距我，吾不言。”楚王问其故。子墨子曰：“公输子之意不过欲杀臣。杀臣，宋莫能守，乃可攻也。然臣之弟子禽滑厘等三百人，已持臣守圉之器，在宋城上而待楚寇矣。虽杀臣，不能绝也。”楚王曰：“善哉。吾请无攻宋矣。”（节选自《公输》）

小题1:解释下面划线字的含义。（4分）

①公将鼓之________________

②义不杀少而杀众____________

③望其旗靡________________

④公输盘诎________________

小题2:把下面文言句子翻译成现代汉语。(2分)

① 一鼓作气，再而衰，三而竭。

②公输盘九设攻城之机变，子墨子九距之。

小题3:甲乙两文有关论战的文字，各自表明了曹刿和墨子的政治主张，请用简练的语言说明。（2分）

曹刿：                                                     

墨子：                                                     

小题4:甲乙两文都涉及到战争，在甲文段中，鲁国凭什么获得了最后的胜利？在乙文中是什么原因促使楚王最终放弃了攻打宋国的决定的？（4分）

Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as America’s first black poet. She was born in Senegal, Africa, about 1753 and brought to America aboard a slave ship at about the age of seven. John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in 1761 to be a personal servant of Mrs. Wheatley. The family had three other slaves, and all were treated with respect. Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family, which included being raised and educated with the Wheatley’s twin 15-year-old children, Mary and Nathaniel. At that time, most females, even from better families, could not read and write, but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston. Mary wanted to become a teacher, and in fact, it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phyllis’s education. Phyllis soon displayed her remarkable talents. At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually, Mrs. Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian.
At the age of thirteen Phyllis wrote her first poem. She became a Boston sensation after she wrote a poem on the death of the evangelical preacher George Whitfield in 1770. It became common practice in Boston to have" Mrs. Wheatley’s Phyllis" read poetry in polite society. Mary married in 1771, and Phyllis later moved to the country because of poor health, as a teacher and caretaker to a farmer’s three children. Mary had tried to interest publishers in Phyllis’s poems but once they heard she was a Negro they weren’t interested.
Then in 1773 Phyllis went with Nathaniel, who was now a businessman, to London. It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health. Thirty-nine of her poems were published in London as Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. It was the first book published by a black American. In 1775 Phyllis wrote a poem extolling the accomplishments of George Washington and sent it to him. He responded by praising her talents and inviting her to visit his headquarters. After both of her benefactors died in 1777, and Mary died in 1778, Phyllis was freed as a slave. She married in 1778, moved away from Boston, and had three children. But after the unhappy marriage, she moved back to Boston, and died in poverty at the age of thirty.

It can be inferred that Phyllis’s trip to England with Nathaniel in 1773 ______.

A．did not improve her health

B．was for business reasons

C．led to books of her poems being available in America

D．led to the publication of her poems because the English were more interested in religious and moral subjects