问题 填空题

现有电解质溶液:①Na2CO3②NaHCO3③NaAlO2④CH3COONa⑤NaOH,且已知:CO2+3H2O+2====2Al(OH)3↓+

(1)当五种溶液的pH相同时,其物质的量浓度由大到小的顺序是________(填编号)。

(2)当上述物质的量浓度均为0.1mol·L-1的五种溶液,稀释相同倍数时,其pH变化最大的是________(填编号)。

(3)在上述五种电解质溶液中,分别加入AlCl3溶液,无气体产生的是________(填编号)。

(4)将上述①②③④这四种电解质溶液混合,发生反应的离子方程式为______________。

答案

(1)④>②>①>③>⑤(2)⑤

(3)③④⑤

(4)++H2O====Al(OH)3↓+

(1)在题给五种电解质中,NaOH是强碱,可完全电离,前四种都是弱酸强碱盐,在溶液中可水解,根据盐类的水解规律,谁弱谁水解,越弱越水解,可得知同物质的量浓度的四种盐水解后,其碱性即pH:③>①>②>④。因此当五种溶液的pH相同时,其物质的量浓度:④>②>①>③>⑤。

(2)因为NaOH完全电离,稀释10n倍,pH就减少n;其余四种均是盐溶液,稀释可以促进盐的水解,稀释10n倍,pH的减少小于n。所以pH变化最大的是⑤。

(3)AlCl3是强酸弱碱盐,也可水解,水解后溶液显酸性。在上述五种电解质溶液中分别加入AlCl3溶液后,只有Na2CO3和NaHCO3溶液中发生双水解有CO2气体放出,其余的无气体产生。

(4)由题给信息知,的酸性比Al(OH)3的酸性强,因此可发生反应

++H2O====Al(OH)3↓+

阅读理解
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are you truly happy? _____1_____ These are important questions for anyone who is looking for happiness to ask themselves. The following are a few tips to create happiness in my life.
Make a plan for achieving goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods (情绪) will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.
Try to stay with happy people. _____2______ However, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious (感染的).
When something goes wrong, try to find out a way instead of being buried in self pity. Truly happy people don’t allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the environment back.
_____3_____ These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.
______4_____ You can treat yourself to lunch, take a relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance. Then you will be subconsciously(下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.
Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.
Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. _____5_____
A. It is easy to begin to think negatively (消极地) when you are surrounded by people who think that way.
B. Being overweight or not eating good foods has a negative effect on your mood.
C. Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness?
D. It’s also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.
E. Is it hard for you to reach your goal?
F. Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.
G. Speak your trouble out to your close friends openly.
判断题