问题 问答题 论述题

阅读材料,回答问题。

2013年12月4日晚,在通过联合国教科文组织的审议后,珠算正式被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。现在,珠算成为我国第30个入选“非遗”的项目,中国也由此成为世界上入选“非遗”项目最多的国家。此前联合国教科文组织曾介绍说,珠算是中国古代的重大发明,伴随中国人经历了1800多年的漫长岁月。它以简便的计算工具和独特的数理内涵,被誉为“世界上最古老的计算机”。随着计算机技术的发展,珠算的计算功能逐渐被削弱,但是古老的珠算依然有顽强的生命力。今天珠算成功申遗,将有助于让更多的人认识珠算,了解珠算,增强民族自豪感,吸引更多的人加入到弘扬与保护珠算文化的行列中。

结合材料,运用《文化生活》知识,谈谈对我国的珠算文化的认识?

答案

参考答案:

①珠算是中国古代的重大发明,伴随中国人经历了1800多年的漫长岁月。这体现了中华文化源远流长、博大精深的特点。

②文化遗产是一个国家和民族历史文化成就的重要标志。珠算作为非物质文化遗产不仅对于研究人类文明的演进具有重要意义,而且对于展现世界文化的多样性具有独特的作用。

③文化发展的实质在于文化创新,文化创新离不开社会实践。随着生产的发展,人们发明了算盘这种计算工具。这说明,立足于社会实践,是文化创新的基本要求,也是文化创新的根本途径。文化创新可以促进民族文化的繁荣。

④文化交流是保持世界文化多样性的客观要求,珠算作为非物质文化遗产有利于中华文化向外传播,推动世界文化的发展。让更多的人认识珠算,了解珠算,增强民族自豪感。

⑤正确对待传统文化。尽管目前世界计算工具已进入电子时代,然而中国古老的算盘在电子时代仍然充满着青春的活力。这启示我们面对传统文化,要辩证地认识它在现实生活中的作用,取其精华,去其糟粕,批判继承,古为今用。

解析:

本题要求考生结合材料,从文化生活的角度谈谈对我国的珠算文化的认识,属于认识类的解答题。根据上述材料,我们可知,上述材料主要说明以下几个问题:一是珠算的历史悠久,内涵丰富,这一点我们可以从中华文化的特征的角度说明。二是珠算属于文化遗产,申遗的意义重大。这一点可以从文化遗产的重要性的角度说明,也可以从文化的多样性的角度进行说明;三是随着计算机技术的发展,珠算的计算功能逐渐被削弱,但是古老的珠算依然有顽强的生命力,可以从文化的继承与发展的角度进行分析说明即可。

考点:文化的遗产、文化的多样性、文化的继承与发展、传统文化的作用、中华的特征

单项选择题

Most plants can make their own food from sunlight, (1) some have discovered that stealing is an easier way to live. Thousands of plant species get by (2) photosynthesizing, and over 400 of these species seem to live by pilfering sugars from an underground (3) of fungi(真菌). But in (4) a handful of these plants has this modus operandi been traced to a relatively obscure fungus. To find out how (5) are (6) , mycologist Martin Bidartondo of the University of California at Berkeley and his team looked in their roots. What they found were (7) of a common type of fungus, so (8) that it is found in nearly 70 percent of all plants. The presence of this common fungus in these plants not only (9) at how they survive, says Bidartondo, but also suggests that many ordinary plants might prosper from a little looting, too.

Plants have (10) relations to get what they need to survive. Normal, (11) plants can make their own carbohydrates through photosynthesis, but they still need minerals. Most plants have (12) a symbiotic relationship with a (13) network of what are called my corrhizal fungi, which lies beneath the forest (14) . The fungi help green plants absorb minerals through their roots, and (15) , the plants normally (16) the fungi with sugars, or carbon with a number of plants sharing the same fungal web, it was perhaps (17) that a few cheaters—dubbed epiparasites—would evolve to beat the system. (18) , these plants reversed the flow of carbon, (19) it into their roots from the fungi (20) releasing it as "payment.\

12()

A.created

B.developed

C.designed

D.formulated

单项选择题