问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,回答问题。 

                 棋 王

                                     郑时培

相思湾的傍晚,残阳如血。郑氏祠堂门口,少年郑寿直望着面前的棋盘焦躁不安,手里那枚已经捏出汗的黑子许久才犹犹豫豫落下。对面的叶知春站起来狂笑道:“寿直,你输了!哈哈哈……”这盘棋他们是下过赌注的,郑寿直事先发誓,要是输了就自己剁掉右手。叶知春笑够了,轻蔑地说:“你要是肯跪下来称我为棋王,发誓以后再不下棋,我便饶了你。”郑寿直朝郑氏祠堂上的门匾看了一眼,一把夺过叶知春手上的砍刀,手起刀落,那只细嫩的右手已经断在棋盘上了,鲜血染红了整个棋盘。郑寿直望着目瞪口呆的叶知春说:“以德以艺,你配称王?你等着,我一定会赢你的。”说完,沿着苇河边大步走去。

民国三十一年端午节,郑寿直突然回到相思湾。这时候,叶知春已经做了日本鬼子的保安,专陪鬼子头头下棋,屡下屡败。郑寿直找到叶知春说:“听说你已经称棋王了,你可晓得棋界规矩?”当时叶知春刚和鬼子头头下完一盘棋,见郑寿直来挑战,笑笑说:“手下败将还谈什么规矩,是不是还有一只手也不想要了?”鬼子是半个中国通,见郑寿直与叶知春叽里咕噜的要较量棋艺,便在一边怂恿他们下赌,说输了的砍头大大的好。叶知春不敢驳鬼子的面子,冷笑一声应承下来,心里想对付鬼子不敢用真本事,对付你郑寿直真是小菜一碟,便激郑寿直说:“皇军说以头相赌,你还是算了吧,我本不想伤你。”郑寿直扬眉一笑,抖出一张棋盘往桌上一摊,稳稳坐下说:“下吧。”

叶知春一看,认出是当年的那一张,心里不由一愣,碍于鬼子的面子还是缓缓地坐了下来。棋下得相当艰难,从早上下到傍晚,两人不断拼杀。掌灯时分,叶知春站起来将棋子一抛,拱手认输。鬼子的小头头骂了声什么话,郑寿直没听懂,只见叶知春脸色一变,转身逃出门去了。鬼子顺手一枪,叶知春当即倒下。郑寿直收起棋盘想走,鬼子转过身来按住说:“我们下一盘,赌头。”

桌上摇曳的灯照着鬼子,屋子里阴森森的。郑寿直重新坐下来,感到肚子有点饿,这才想起已经一天没吃饭了。棋下得更加缓慢,郑寿直的心里平静如水,只几手便看出鬼子的棋艺远在叶知春之下。天亮时分,疲惫至极的郑寿直终于以绝对的优势赢了。鬼子望着输定的棋,忽然将棋掀下桌,掏出枪来朝郑寿直大喊:“八格牙路。”郑寿直看着鬼子那熊样,不由仰起头来狂笑。笑毕,他以迅雷不及掩耳之势抽出鬼子腰间的佩刀,就势抹向鬼子的脖子。鬼子没防着郑寿直会来这一手,待扣动手枪扳机时,头已落地。听见枪响,鬼子从睡梦中惊醒,立即把郑寿直围在屋里举枪乱射。许久,鬼子见屋里没有了动静才走进去,只见郑寿直以刀做杖,至死不倒。这以后不断有鬼子失踪,没多久鬼子惶惶地逃出相思湾。郑氏乡亲拾掇了郑寿直的遗骨厚葬,树碑曰:棋王之墓。自此以后,相思湾人再也不碰棋,更无人敢称棋王。(选自《语文读本》第一册,略有删改)

1.请用自己的语言概括这篇小小说的情节。

2.你怎样看待郑寿直到日军军营挑战叶知春?请写出自己的理解。

3.本文把郑寿直与叶知春的棋王之争放在日本侵略的大背景下,有何作用?

4.想想看,郑寿直死后为什么相思湾无人敢称棋王?

答案

1.开端:郑寿直与叶知春首次棋王之争,郑寿直战败断手。发展:郑寿直到日军军营挑战叶知春,叶知春战败丧命。高潮:郑寿直下棋战胜并杀死日军头头,壮烈牺牲。结局:日军逃出相思湾,郑氏乡亲树碑厚葬棋王郑寿直。

2.郑寿直到日军军营挑战叶知春,不仅仅是为了雪当年断手之辱,更是为了赢得中国人的尊严。因为已经称棋王的叶知春做了日本鬼子的保安,专陪鬼子头头下棋,(故意)屡下屡败。  

3.本文把郑寿直与叶知春的棋王之争放在日本侵略的大背景下,深刻地说明了棋王之争,不仅是棋艺的较量,也是人格和民族气节的较量。拓展了小说的内容,升华了小说的主题。  

4.因为郑寿直不仅具有高超的棋艺,更有崇高的民族气节,其爱国壮举惊天动地,令人景仰,非一般人所能及。

【鉴赏提示】

整篇小说情节并不复杂,却很有分量,而且时间跨度较大,尽现棋王郑寿直的形象。依郑寿直的尺度,棋王需德艺双全,才配称王。郑寿直正是这样做的,他的爱国壮举,惊天地,泣鬼神。叶知春是作为郑寿直陪衬的反面形象出现的,其可耻的下场完全是咎由自取。日本鬼子的灭亡,当然是历史的必然,但正是郑寿直这样有骨气的中国人加速了日本鬼子的灭亡。小说把情节放在抗日的大背景下去写,意蕴深广,发人深思。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
完形填空
John was waiting for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t, the girl with the rose. Thirteen months ago, in a Florida library he took a book off the ___36___and found himself interested in the notes in the margin. The soft handwriting ___37___a thoughtful soul and insightful mind.
In front of the book, he ___38___the previous owner’s name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With time and effort he ___39___her address. He wrote her a letter ___40___himself and inviting her to correspond.
During the next year and one-month the two grew to know each other ___41___the mail. A Romance was budding. John requested a(an) ___42___, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn’t matter what she looked like. Later they ___43___their first meeting—7:00 pm at Grand Central Station in New York
“You’ll ___44___me, ”she wrote, “by the red rose I’ll be wearing on my lapel. ”So at 7:00 he was in the ___45___looking for the girl with the red rose.
A young woman in a green suit was coming toward him, her ___46___long and slim and her eyes were blue as flowers. Almost ___47___he made one step closer to her, and just at this moment he saw Hollis Maynell—a woman well past 40. The girl was walking quickly away. He felt as though he split in two, so keen was his ___48___to follow her, and yet so deep was his longing for the woman whose ___49___had truly companioned him and upheld his own.
He did not ___50___. He squared his shoulders and said, “I’m John, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me;may I take you to ___51___?”
The woman smiled. “I don’t know what this is about, son, ”she answered, “but the young lady in the green suit ___52___me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I ___53___tell you that she is waiting for you in the ___54___across the street. She said it was some kind of ___55___!”
It’s not difficult to admire Miss Maynell’s wisdom. The true nature of a heart is seen in it’s response to the unattractive.
小题1:
A.exhibitionB.shelfC.figure D.diagram
小题2:
A.representedB.refreshedC.replaced D.rejected
小题3:
A.transformedB.conveyedC.observed D.discovered
小题4:
A.locatedB.expressedC.settled D.evaluated
小题5:
A.explainingB.introducingC.appointing D.predicting
小题6:
A.byB.onC.beyond D.through
小题7:
A.photographB.E-mailC.measurement D.document
小题8:
A.separateB.scheduledC.strengthen D.possessed
小题9:
A.recognizeB.witnessC.advocate D.tolerate
小题10:
A.libraryB.stationC.downtown D.square
小题11:
A.shadowB.shoulderC.appearance D.figure
小题12:
A.randomlyB.mentallyC.uncontrollablyD.ridiculously
小题13:
A.desireB.dreamC.attempt D.determination
小题14:
A.carefulnessB.wealthC.expectation D.spirit
小题15:
A.hesitateB.guaranteeC.submit D.hurry
小题16:
A.theatreB.dinnerC.shopping D.service
小题17:
A.advisedB.appliedC.begged D.required
小题18:
A.shouldB.wouldC.may D.must
小题19:
A.balconyB.restaurantC.corner D.department
小题20:
A.patienceB.experimentC.test D.decision