广播电视新闻采访的特性主要表现在哪些方面？
参考答案：
广播电视新闻采访与其他媒介采访有相同之处，又有它独特的一面。具体体现在以下六个方面：（1）电子传播手段的介入。带机采访，也就是用录音设备和摄像设备录取声音、画面等现场素材。（2）广播电视新闻采访具有时间同步性。由于带机采访的特殊性，采访与部分报道同步进行，使报道在采访过程中体现，进而产生了“现在进行时”的报道形态。（3）采访方式直接关系到新闻报道形式。广播电视新闻中，新闻报道的形式与新闻素材的获取方式及采访方式密切关联。（4）广播电视新闻记者的角色定位更丰富。除了调查和传播者之外，人事现场报道的广播电视记者同时也是受众面容新闻事件的现场引导者，记者通过提问、访谈交流等动态活动参与新闻的制作。（5）广播电视新闻采访对于设备具有较强的依赖性。这与第一个特性是相关的。（6）对于电视新闻来说，采访需要团队成员间的密切配合，协同工作。电视新闻采访是集体工作的产物。
| Western juries have traditionally found eyewitness testimony to be the most convincing evidence in criminal trials. Seeing is believing, as the saying goes. In numerous cases, when witnesses pointed to the defendant, his or her fate was sealed. But how reliable is eyewitness testimony Recent cases have suggested that despite our best intentions, we may unwittingly distort what we perceive. Artists and psychologists have long known that "seeing" is not a simple matter of recording visual input. People perceive the exterior world through a complex matrix of cultural expectations, personality traits, moods and life experiences. For example, researchers tested the cultural influence on perception by showing a set of optical illusions to various groups, and found that different groups responded in divergent ways. Accustomed to and inundated by perpendicular structures, Western Europeans succumbed easily to illusions based on rectangular lines. On the other hand, the Zulu people of South Africa, whose environment had been comprised almost entirely of circular forms (round houses, doors, etc.) did not fall prey to those linear illusions. Cultural expectations also influence the selectivity of our seeing. The amount of visual information that exists far exceeds our ability to process it, so we must filter that sensory input into recognizable images. In looking at a face, we do not see elongated ovals set in complex shadows and shading, we see eyes. And that filtering process is informed by what we perceive to be significant, which is influenced by cultural norms. Some cultures may emphasize differences in hair color or texture, others the shape of a nose or mouth, others the set of the eyes. But it is not only group expectations that color what we see, personality and mood fluctuation can also alter our perceptions. Orderly minds who shun ambiguity will see an off- center image as firmly fixed in the center. The same photograph of four young men allows for shifting interpretations based on our current feeling: a mood of happiness reveals boys enjoying a relaxing day, while anxiety changes the picture to students worrying about exams. In addition, numerous more prosaic factors affect our ability to record an image accurately. Duration of the encounter, proximity to the subject, lighting, and angle all affect our ability to see, and even stress may further undermine the accuracy of our perceptions. What will this mean for criminal trials Juries have often been reluctant to convict without eyewitness identification. Blood samples, fingerprints, and the like do not resonate as deeply with juries as does direct testimony, and frequently require understanding of complex scientific technicalities. But as confidence in eyewitness testimony wanes, such circumstantial evidence may someday replace visual identification as the lynchpin of criminal trials. |
The author cites "blood samples" and "fingerprints" in the last paragraph as examples of evidence that ______ .
A．result in more criminal charges
B．are prone to misinterpretation
C．may become more widely accepted in the future
D．have more influence than direct testimony