问题 问答题 简答题

财政补贴的概念、性质和特点是什么?

答案

参考答案:

财政补贴是指在某一确定的经济体制结构下,财政支付给企业和个人的,能够改变现有产品和生产要素相对价格,从而可以改变资源配臵结构和需求结构的无偿支出。

在这种分配形式中,财政补贴的主体是国家;补贴的对象是企业和居民;补贴的目的是为了贯彻一定的政策,满足某种特定的需要,实现特定的政治、经济和社会目标;补贴的性质是通过财政资金的无偿补助而进行的一种社会财富的再分配。

财政补贴实质上是一种财政转移支出形式,也是一种国民收入再分配形式。财政补贴的起因都直接或间接与部分特定商品和劳务的价格有关。

财政补贴的特点:首先,财政补贴具有鲜明的政策性;其次,财政补贴具有很大的灵活性;再次,财政补贴具有极强的时效性。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

        根据短文内容,判断下列句子的正误,正确的用“A,错误的用“B。

     Some years ago, Chinese high school students would show their new

schoolbags, new clothes or new pens to their classmates when the new term

started.  Today, however, all have changed.  If you still come back to school

with only these things, you are falling out of date.  Students in big cities like

to bring the latesc high-tech things to school, and feel happy and pleased to

show off these things toothers. They are mobile phonf,S, MP4 players, CD

players, electronic dictionaries and so on. The list is endless.

     Young people think that, living in the 21st century, they must keep up

with the date. They don't want to fall behind. Besides, they think that they

need to keep in touch with their classmat.es, so they need mobile phones.

They also like to listen to the pop music, so they need C.D players. They

explain that something like electronic dictionaries can be useful in their

study, too.  They think that their parents should understand why they want

these things.

     Foreign students will also bring some latest high-tech things when they

retum to school at the beginning of a new term. However, they often use the

money which they macie by themselves during the holiday to buy these

high-tech things that they want.

( )1. Today, Chinese students like showing off their new clothes.

(     )2. The students need mobile phones in order to keep in touch with their

classmates.

(     )3. Young people living in the 21st century don't want to be out of date.

(     )4. Foreign students also like to bring some high-tech things at the cnd of the term.

(     )5. Chinese students spend the money which they made by themselves on

the high-tech things.

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