问题 单项选择题

安全带在使用前工作人员应进行检查,并应定期(每隔6个月)按批次进行静荷重试验;试验荷重为225kg,试验时间为(),试验后检查是否有变形、破裂等情况,并做好记录。

A.5min

B.10min

C.15min

D.30min

答案

参考答案:A

问答题

(1)在弹性限度内,弹簧弹力的大小与弹簧伸长(或缩短)的长度的比值,叫做弹簧的劲度系数.为了测量一轻弹簧的劲度系数,某同学进行了如下实验设计:如图所示,将两平行金属导轨水平固定在竖直向下的匀强磁场中,金属杆ab与导轨接触良好,水平放置的轻弹簧一端固定于O点,另一端与金属杆连接并保持绝缘.在金属杆滑动的过程中,弹簧与金属杆、金属杆与导轨均保持垂直,弹簧的形变始终在弹性限度内,通过减小金属杆与导轨之间的摩擦和在弹簧形变较大时读数等方法,使摩擦对实验结果的影响可忽略不计.

请你按要求帮助该同学解决实验所涉及的两个问题.

①帮助该同学完成实验设计.请你用低压直流电源(

)、滑动变阻器(

)、电流表(

)、开关(

)设计一电路图,画在图中虚线框内,并正确连在导轨的C、D两端.

②若已知导轨间的距离为d,匀强磁场的磁感应强度为B,正确连接电路后,闭合开关,使金属杆随挡板缓慢移动,当移开挡板且金属杆静止时,测出通过金属杆的电流为I1,记下金属杆的位置,断开开关,测出弹簧对应的长度为x1;改变滑动变阻器的阻值,再次让金属杆静止时,测出通过金属杆的电流为I2,弹簧对应的长度为x2,则弹簧的劲度系数k=______.

(2)气垫导轨(如图甲)工作时,空气从导轨表面的小孔喷出,在导轨表面和滑块内表面之间形成一层薄薄的空气层,使滑块不与导轨表面直接接触,大大减小了滑块运动时的阻力.为了验证动量守恒定律,在水平气垫导轨上放置两个质量均为a的滑块,每个滑块的一端分别与穿过打点计时器的纸带相连,两个打点计时器所用电源的频率均为b.气垫导轨正常工作后,接通两个打点计时器的电源,并让两滑块以不同的速度相向运动,两滑块相碰后粘在一起继续运动.图乙为某次实验打出的、点迹清晰的纸带的一部分,在纸带上以同间距的6个连续点为一段划分纸带,用刻度尺分别量出其长度s1、s2和s3.若题中各物理量的单位均为国际单位,那么,碰撞前两滑块的动量大小分别为______、______,两滑块的总动量大小为______;碰撞后两滑块的总动量大小为______.重复上述实验,多做几次.若碰撞前、后两滑块的总动量在实验误差允许的范围内相等,则动量守恒定律得到验证.

单项选择题

On May 29, 1973, Thomas Bradley, a black man, was elected mayor of Los Angeles. Los Angeles is the third largest city in the United States, with a population of three million. About sixteen percent of the city’s population are black.

News of this election appeared on the front pages of newspapers everywhere in the United States. Here is how one major newspaper reported the event.

LOS ANGELES ELECTS BRADLEY MAYOR UNSEATING YORTYBLACK WINS 56% OF VOTES

Bradley called his victory over Yorty "the fulfillment of a dream". During his childhood and youth, people had kept telling him, "You can’t do this, you can’t go there, because you are a Negro. " Nevertheless he had won a decisive victory over a man who had been won 43.7 percent.

Los Angeles voters have had many opportunities to judge. Thomas Bradley had to form an opinion of him. The son of a poor farmer Texas, he joined the Los Angeles police force in 1940. During his twenty-one years on the police force he earned a law degree by attending school at night. He was elected to the city council ten years ago.

At the time of the Los Angeles election, three other American cities already had black mayors, but none of those cities had as large a population as Los Angeles. Besides, the percentage of blacks in those other cities was much larger. Cleveland, Ohio, had thirty-six percent black when Carl Stokes was elected mayor of Cleveland in 1967. In the same year Richard Hatcher was elected mayor of Cary. In Newark, New Jersey, sixty percent of the population were black when Kenneth Gibson was elected in 1970. Thus election of a black mayor in those cities was not very surprising.

In Los Angeles thousands of white citizens voted for Thomas Bradley because they believed he would be a better mayor than the white candidate. Bradley had spent forty-eight of his fifty-five years in Los Angeles. Four years ago Bradley lost mayoral election to Yorty. This time Bradley won.

Bradley hit the front page headline for()

A. he was the first black mayor in history

B. he was the first black mayor in the south of the USA

C. he was the first black mayor of one of the largest cities in the USA

D. a poor farmer’s son could also win an important election