问题 问答题 论述题

论述信息运动与其载体的关系及按载体性质对信息分类。

答案

参考答案:

(1)信息是指描述的内容,以什么形式描述取决于载体的性质。载体是信息从信源到信宿的传递者。信息借助于载体,可以脱离信源而运动或存储。载体上反映信息内容的物理符号或信号,在信息处理中称为数据。数据的物理特征与载体的性质有关。信息的内容与载体的性质无关。信息在传递过程中可改变载体而不影响信息的内容。载体运动的表现形式与载体物理介质的性质密切相关。人体感官对信息的感知途径取决于载体的性质。信息在发送、接收、传递、利用过程中,常常需要转换载体的物理介质与运动方式。

(2)按载体性质对信息分类如下:

按载体的物理介质分为书写介质、磁介质、电介质、光介质、声介质、实体介质;按载体的运动形式分为文本信息、声信息、电信息、光信息、磁信息、形态信息、气味信息;按载体运动对人的器官的作用分为:视觉信息、听觉信息、嗅觉信息、触觉信息。

单项选择题
单项选择题

(C)

When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.

When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and "too serious" about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would Sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say: "Let’s start with a train whistle today." We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we, too, were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.

When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, he was in despair and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.

For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other’s dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think: "Yes, I must tell..."We have never met.

It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist (心理学家), who will only fill up the healing silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.

According to paragraph 4, the author and her friend ().

A. call each other regularly

B. have similar personalities

C. enjoy writing to each other

D. dream of meeting each other