问题
解答题
(1)已知数列{cn},其中cn=2n+3n,且数列{cn+1-pcn}为等比数列,求常数p;
(2)设{an}、{bn}是公比不相等的两个等比数列,cn=an+bn,证明数列{cn}不是等比数列.
答案
(1)因为{cn+1-pcn}是等比数列,故有
(cn+1-pcn)2=(cn+2-pcn+1)(cn-pcn-1),
将cn=2n+3n代入上式,得
[2n+1+3n+1-p(2n+3n)]2
=[2n+2+3n+2-p(2n+1+3n+1)]•[2n+3n-p(2n-1+3n-1)],
即[(2-p)2n+(3-p)3n]2
=[(2-p)2n+1+(3-p)3n+1][(2-p)2n-1+(3-p)3n-1],
整理得
(2-p)(3-p)•2n•3n=0,1 6
解得p=2或p=3.
(2)设{an}、{bn}的公比分别为p、q,p≠q,cn=an+bn.
为证{cn}不是等比数列只需证c22≠c1•c3.
事实上,c22=(a1p+b1q)2=a12p2+b12q2+2a1b1pq,
c1•c3=(a1+b1)(a1p2+b1q2)=a12p2+b12q2+a1b1(p2+q2).
由于p≠q,p2+q2>2pq,又a1、b1不为零,
因此c22≠c1•c3,故{cn}不是等比数列.