问题 问答题 简答题

胃食管反流病有哪些主要症状?

答案

参考答案:

①烧心是指胸骨后(或上腹)出现烧灼或麻辣感,有从下往上(口侧端)蔓延的趋势,如果是下腹部的灼热感,并不能称为烧心。常在餐后30分钟(也有1~2小时)或平卧时出现,食量越大症状越重。

②反酸(反流)多数病人感觉有胃内容物(食物或胃液)上返到胸骨后(食管)、咽部或口腔。有时还可返出胆汁。需要与嗳气等症状鉴别。

③胸痛胸骨后疼痛,可向肩、颈、耳后或左臂放射,而被误认为是心绞痛。

④上腹痛剑突下或上腹部疼痛可以是GERD的主要症状。

⑤吞咽困难早期为间歇性,久之出现进行性吞咽困难而误认为食管癌。

⑥胃胀嗳气可能吞咽过多气体或胃内食物发酵产气有关。

⑦慢性咳嗽呈慢性呛咳,夜间可以呛酸,且反复发作,服化痰止咳消炎药难以见效。

⑧哮喘解痉药或糖皮质激素无能为力。

⑨咽炎、慢性喉炎咽部异物感、喉痛、声音嘶哑更为多见。

⑩出血如果食管黏膜糜烂或溃疡,出现慢性、少量出血表现呕血或黑便。

在GERD中,以非糜烂性胃食管反流病(NERD)最为常见,临床上有典型的反流烧心症状出现,但胃镜检查食管黏膜未见明显损害(占60%)。

阅读理解
  Everyone needs friends. There is an old saying ,‘Friends are God’s way of taking care of us.” But how do you find real friend and keep it?
A Chinese writer Bai  Xun tells young students some smart ways to find friends. She says finding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow.  
First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks .A good friend should be kind and patient .For example , if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints and do his or her best to help you. To make a friend, you can not be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your lives.
But things cannot always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should they do when you have a fight with your friend ? You have to talk to him or her .When there is no one around , have an honest talk. If he or she doesn’t want to talk, you could write a letter.
There are three steps to being friends again: Tell him or her how you are feeling, say what your friend has done wrongly, and explain why you did this or that . Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life.
小题1:Bai Xue wants to tell students the ways to ______ .
A.find friendsB.plant treesC.get happyD.keep fit
小题2:What makes a good friend ?A good friend should ________ .
A.be lovely and coolB.be kind and patient
C.have lots of moneyD.have good looks
小题3: According to the text, you can ______ your friend after a fight.
A.buy a present forB.never say a word to
C.have a dinner withD.write a letter to
小题4:. Which of the following is NOT told in the text?
A.Tell your friend how you are feeling. B.Say what your friend has done wrongly.
C.You will make new friends soon in a new place.
D.Explain why you did this or that.
小题5:.What is the best title for the text?
A.Teenagers and friendship.B.The good friends around you.
C.The trouble of growing up.D.The care and keeping of friendship.
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