问题 问答题 简答题

简述“破字”等术语的用法。

答案

参考答案:

破字,也叫“读破”、“破读”、“改读”,易字,其作用用本字来改读古书中的假借字的,清王引之《经义述闻》引其父王念孙说:“字之声同声近者,经传往往假借。学者以声求之,破其假借之字而读以本字,则涣然冰释。...故毛公《诗》传多易假借之字而训以本字,已开改读之先。至康成笺《诗》注《礼》,屡云‘某读为某’,而假借之例大明。后人或病康成破字者,不知古字多假借也。”

“破字”、“易字”有时也指改正形误的字,如破字,读破,还用来改变某字原来的读音以表示意义或词性的转变。通常是改变声调。

阅读理解

A rich man was riding along the road and saw an old man digging in his garden. There was a young tree lying on the ground. The rich man asked the old man. "What kind of tree are you planting there. My good man?"

"This is a fig(无花果)tree, sir." He said.

"A fig tree? The rich man was very surprised. "Why, how old are you, may I ask?"

"I am ninety years old."

"What!" shouted the rich man. "You're ninety years old, you are planting a very young tree now and it'll take years to give fruit. You certainly don t hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree. "The old man smiled and said, "Tell me, sir, did you eat figs when you were a boy?" Sure," the man did not know why he asked this question.

The old man asked, "Who planted the fig trees?"

"Why - why: I don't know."

"You see, sir." The old man said slowly, "our forefathers(祖先)planted trees for us to enjoy and l am doing the same for the people after me.”

The rich man was quiet, then said," you are right, my good man. We should do some things for the people after us. Thank you very much." Then he rode away.

小题1:The old man was planting _______ when the rich man saw him.

A.an apple tree

B.a fig tree

C.a pear tree

D.a banana tree小题2:The old man was planting the tree_______.

A.to get himself some fruit to eat

B.for the people after him

C.to make his garden more beautiful

D.just for fun小题3:The sentence in the last paragraph "The rich man was quiet" means that_______.

A. he was thinking about who were his forefathers

B he didn't want to disturb(打扰)the old man

C. he couldn't communicate(交流)with the old man

D. he understood(理解)why the old man planted the young tree

小题4:We can express the main idea of this passage"_______" in Chinese.

A.前人栽树,后人乘凉

B.光阴似箭,一去不返

C.君子爱财,取之有道

D.财多惹祸,树大招风

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