问题 问答题 简答题

列车因车辆转向架破损造成脱轨事故时,如何抢救?

答案

参考答案:

列车因车辆转向架破损造成脱轨事故时,在救援中移至线路外开通线路的方法外,亦可采用下列方法抢救:

1)起重机吊起牵引法:当靠近起重机一端车辆转向架破损时:A将车辆破损转向架的部件用钢丝绳或链条捆到事故车辆下部;B卸下车辆内的货物;C用起重机主钩吊起脱轨一端;D开动起重机连接车钩,将破损车辆拉至车站,开通线路。

2)更换转向架法:当车辆转向架破损一端不能靠近起重机时,可吊起靠近起重机一端,将完整的转向架推至另一端,然后将车体吊起对好心盘,再按上述办法吊起牵引到就近车站。

3)组成代用转向架:当车辆两转向架均破损时,可用4块枕木组成代用转向架。其方法为:A将两根枕木的每端各割一个沟,每根枕木上两沟间的距离为原转向架间的相等的距离;B将车轮吊到线路上复轨,将挖好沟的枕木各扣在车轮内侧,并留出适当间隙;C在扣好的两枕木上横放两根1。3米长的枕木,用扒锯钉固。然后将车辆上心盘落在两枕木挡中,慢慢拉回车站。

单项选择题
单项选择题

The European Union’s Barcelona summit, which ended on March 16th, was played out against the usual backdrop of noisy "anti-globalization" demonstrations and massive security. If nothing else, the demonstrations illustrated that economic liberalization in Europe--the meeting’s main topic--presents genuine political difficulties. Influential sections of public opinion continue to oppose anything that they imagine threatens "social Europe", the ideal of a cradle-to-grave welfare state.

In this climate of public opinion, it is not surprising that the outcome in Barcelona was modest. The totemic issue was opening up Europe’s energy markets. The French government has fought hard to preserve a protected market at home for its state-owned national champion, Electricite de France (EDF). At Barcelona it made a well-flagged tactical retreat. The summiteers concluded that from 2004 industrial users across Europe would be able to choose from competing energy suppliers, which should account for "at least" 60% of the market.

Since Europe’s energy market is worth 350 billion ( $ 309 billion) a year and affects just about every business, this is a breakthrough. But even the energy deal has disappointing aspects. Confining competition to business users makes it harder to show that economic liberalization is the friend rather than the foe of the ordinary person. It also allows EDF to keep its monopoly in the most profitable chunk of the French market.

In other areas, especially to do with Europe’s tough labor markets, the EU is actually going backwards. The summiteers declared that "disincentives against taking up jobs" should be removed; 20m jobs should be created within the EU by 2010. But only three days after a Barcelona jamboree, the European Commission endorsed a new law that would give all temporary-agency workers the same rights as full-timers within six weeks of getting their feet under the desk. Six out of 20 commissioners did, unusually, vote against the measure--a blatant piece of re-regulation--but the social affairs commissioner, Anna Diamantopoulou, was unrepentant, indeed triumphant. A dissatisfied liberaliser in the commission called the directive "an absolute disaster".

The summit’s other achievements are still more fragile. Europe’s leaders promised to increase spending on "research and development" from its current figure of 1.9% of GDP a year to 3%. But how will European politicians compel businesses to invest more in research Nobody seems to know. And the one big research project agreed on at Barcelona, the Galileo satellite-positioning system, which is supposed to cost 3.2 billion of public money, is of dubious commercial value, since the Europeans already enjoy free access to the Americans’ GPA system. Edward Bannerman, head of economics at the Centre for European Reform, a Blairite think-tank, calls Galileo "the common agricultural policy in space.\

The public launched a demonstrations against the summit with respect to()

A. political difficulties

B. its p influence

C. imaginative ideals

D. its social welfare