问题 问答题 简答题

简述甲减患者的主要护理措施。

答案

参考答案:(1)病情观察。观察患者体温、脉搏、呼吸、神志情况。若患者有体温<35℃、心动过缓、呼吸浅慢、嗜睡等症状,提示可能为黏液性水肿昏迷征象,应立即准备抢救。避免受寒、感染、各种压力刺激以及不适当使用麻醉和镇静剂等黏液性水肿昏迷的诱发因素。

(2)饮食与活动。给予患者高蛋白、高维生素、高纤维素、低脂饮食,食物注意色、香、味,少量多餐;多食蔬菜、水果,保证每日饮水量。确保环境的安全,鼓励患者活动,并经常进行腹部按摩,预防便秘。

(3)症状护理。病室环境温暖,室温保持在22~24℃;及时添加衣物注意保暖,特别是秋冬季节;使用热水袋时水温宜低于50℃,以免烫伤皮肤;保持皮肤润泽,使用温水清洗皮肤,并适当使用润肤霜;卧床患者经常按摩皮肤、翻身,预防压疮。

(4)用药护理。严格遵医嘱用药,不可随意增减药物。监测患者的生命体征、症状的变化,观察用药的效果,及时发现不良反应。如脉搏>100次/分、易出汗、情绪不安,提示可能药物过量。

(5)心理护理。经常与患者沟通,了解其心理问题,给予患者必要的心理疏导和支持。

(6)生水肿昏迷的护理a建立静脉O道,遵医嘱给予补液、血管活性药物;保暖吸氧,必要时加盖保温毯;监测生命体征、神志,记出入量等。

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Your schooldays should be some of the best and happiest days of your life. You shouldn’t waste this wonderful opportunity to learn. Here is our advice for you to have a happy school-life.
小题1:Don’t say things are difficult or boring. Be interested in school-life and your school subjects. Join lots of activities. Be quick to put your hand up. Go round the school with a big smile. 
小题2:School is not a holiday camp. If you are not working, you are not learning, and you are wasting your time at school. Teachers cannot make everything enjoyable.
小题3: If you don’t eat a good breakfast, you will be thinking about food in class. If you go to bed late and do not have enough sleep, you will be sleepy in class. Play some sports to keep your body strong.
小题4:Do not say you will do things tomorrow. If you get behind the class, it is very difficult to get back in front. You cannot finish a race if you rest all the time.
小题5:Everyone fails some tests, loses some matches and has bad days. Friends are not always perfect, and they sometimes say and do unpleasant things. Don’t let small problems seem very big and important.
阅读上面5段语言材料, 从中找出与它们相对应的标题, 并将其标号填入语段前的括号内。其中有两个选项是多余的。
A. Plan your holiday.
B. Don’t be too disappointed if things sometimes go badly.
C. Do today’s work today.
D. Be active in school!
E. Expect to work!
F. Talk about problems.
G. Keep fit.
单项选择题 配伍题