问题 选择题

最近,不少市民发现花菜价格降了。“一个月前,花菜每斤售价还高达8元,可现在降了四元多。”回答题。

小题1:据记者调查了解到,入秋后雨水少,各地蔬菜长势喜人,最近蜂拥上市,使蔬菜市场供应量大增,导致花菜价格一个月下跌70%。造成花菜价格下跌的根本原因是

A.花菜产量供过于求

B.菜农种植花菜的成本下降

C.气候适宜花菜种植

D.其他蔬菜挤占了花菜市场小题2:假设下图中D1、D2、D3、D4中有一条是表示近期花菜的需求曲线

A.D1

B.D2

C.D3

D.D4小题3:由于收购价太低,在花菜主产地的菜农不愿采收,任由花菜烂在田里。这说明市场调节具有

A.自发性

B.盲目性

C.滞后性

D.随意性小题4:面对花菜价贱滞销,盛产花菜的地方政府应该

①制定花菜最低收购保护价,防止“菜贱伤农”事件的发生

②完善花菜产销信息平台,及时向菜农公布,促进产销对接

③规定国家机关工作人员购买一定数量的花菜,帮农民渡过难关

④给予蔬菜深加工企业政策扶持,鼓励开发增加花菜的高附加值产品

A.①②

B.③④

C.①③

D.②④

答案

小题1:B

小题2:D

小题3:A

小题4:D

小题1:

题目分析:该题考查影响价格的根本因素,造成花菜价格下跌的根本原因是价值的下降即菜农种植花菜的成本下降,故B观点符合题意,A、C、D均是影响价格的因素,但不是根本因素,故答案应选B。

点评:本题的关键是把握题干的要求即根本因素,价值决定价格,价值是价格的基础,价格是价值的货币表现,价格一般与价值成正比;供求影响价格,所以根本因素是价值,难度适中。

小题2:

题目分析:该题考查价格对需求的影响,一般情况下,花菜的价格下跌,需求量增加,成反方向变动,故排除A、B选项,A是正比曲线,B是反映的是价格与需求量无关曲线,花菜是生活必需品,受价格变动的影响程度小,故D观点符合题意,C观点反映的是高档耐用品,故答案应选D。

点评:本题是一道图表题,考生注意价格变动与需求量的关系,难度适中。价格变动会引起需求量的变动:一般说来,当某种商品的价格上升时,人们会减少对它的购买;当这种商品的价格下降时,人们会增加对它的购买。不同商品的需求量对价格变动的反映程度不同:价格变动对生活必需品需求量的影响比较小,对高档耐用品需求量的影响比较大。

小题3:

题目分析:该题考查市场经济的弊端,D观点错误,随意性不是市场经济的弊端,题干说由于收购价太低,在花菜主产地的菜农不愿采收,任由花菜烂在田里,强调的关键是收购价低,赚不到钱,所以体现的市场的自发性,故A观点符合题意,B、C观点均没有体现,故答案应选A。

点评:注意区分“自发性、盲目性、滞后性”的不同点及相同点:(1)自发性:价值规律自发调节→市场主体自发追逐利益→可能导致不当行为和两极分化。(2)盲目性:分散经营→盲目决策→一哄而上(下)→供求失衡→经济波动、资源浪费。(3)滞后性:闻价而行→事后调节→供求失衡→经济波动、资源浪费。难度适中。

小题4:

题目分析:该题考查政府宏观调控,①观点错误,价格是由市场调节的,政府不能制定价格,③观点错误,国家是加强宏观调控,不能规定国家机关工作人员购买一定数量的花菜,完善花菜产销信息平台,及时向菜农公布,促进产销对接,给予蔬菜深加工企业政策扶持,鼓励开发增加花菜的高附加值产品均有利于解决花菜价贱滞销的现象,故②④符合题意,故答案应选D。

点评:本题是二二制组合式单选题,最简洁的解法,就是排除错误或与题干无关的选项,本题就是排除无关选项或排除错误,①观点错误,价格是由市场调节的,政府不能制定价格,③观点错误,国家是加强宏观调控,不能规定国家机关工作人员购买一定数量的花菜,本题难度适中。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union, to be (1) on by the EU’s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are economic--in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. (2) it is not far off that of Latvia--one of the ten new members which (3) on May 1st 2004, and it is much the same as (4) of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded (5) talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.

(6) , the country’s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, stunning. GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a (7) of growth that no EU country comes close to (8) . Turkey’s (9) rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country (10) agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic program that will help Turkey (11) inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience.

Resilience has not historically been the country’s economic p point. (12) , throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram (13) a violent heart attack. This (14) has been one of the main reasons why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual (15) have scarcely ever reached $1 billion.

One deterrent to foreign investors is due to (16) on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six zeros will be removed from the face value of the lira (里拉,土耳其货币单位); one unit of the local (17) will henceforth be worth what 1 million are now--ie, about £ 0.53 (0.53 欧元). Goods will have to be (18) in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, (19) foreign bankers and (20) can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.

5()

A.application

B.accession

C.reception

D.negotiation