问题 问答题 论述题

分析文化因素对犯罪的影响。

答案

参考答案:

(一)文化冲突与犯罪

文化冲突,是指在文化传播过程中,两种或两种以上的文化规范不同的异质文化接触、碰撞而产生的对抗现象。

1.文化冲突主要表现为传统文化和现代文化、东方文化和西方文化、主文化和亚文化、宗教中的正教与邪教等的冲突。

2.文化冲突严重地障碍着人的正常社会化过程。

3.社会化过程中的缺陷,将导致一些社会成员出现越轨行为,甚至实施犯罪行为。

(二)亚文化与犯罪

1、亚文化是社会文化体系中与主文化相对应的组成部分,是局部文化。

2、青少年亚文化形成的起因与过程。

3、个人与犯罪亚文化群接触,就可能由此习染、同化而从事违法犯罪活动。

(三)文化垃圾对犯罪的诱发作用

1、不健康的书刊报纸、影视对于个体,尤其是青少年的灵魂具有极大的腐蚀作用,使一些人因此而走上犯罪道路。

2、不健康的生活方式的腐蚀也会使一些个体蜕化为犯罪者。

单项选择题
单项选择题

What’s your earliest childhood memory Can you remember learning to walk Or talk The first time you heard thunder or watched a television program Adults seldom (1) events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, (2) children younger than three or four (3) retain any specific, personal experiences.

A variety of explanations have been (4) by psychologists for this "childhood amnesia". One argues that the hippo-campus; the region of the brain which is (5) for forming memories, does not mature until about the age of two. But the most popular theory (6) that, since adults don’t think like children, they cannot (7) childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or (8) one event follows (9) as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental (10) for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don’t find any that fit the (11) . It’s like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.

Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new (12) for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply aren’t any early childhood memories to (13) . According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use someone else’s spoken description of their personal (14) in order to turn their own short-term, quickly forgotten (15) of them into long-term memories. In other (16) , children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about (17) --Mother talking about the afternoon (18) looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this (19) reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form (20) memories of their personal experiences.

Notes: childhood amnesia 儿童失忆症。

19()

A.habitual

B.verbal

C.unique

D.particular