问题
解答题
已知递增数列{an}满足:a1=1,2an+1=an+an+2(n∈N+),且a1,a2,a4成等比数列 (1)求数列{an}的通项公式an. (2)若数列{bn}满足:bn+1=bn2-(n-2)bn+3,且b1≥1,n∈N+ ①用数学归纳法证明:bn≥an ②记Tn=
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答案
(1)∵a1=1,2an+1=an+an+2(n∈N+)
∴数列{an}是以1为首项的等差数列,设公差为d,由数列递增可知d>0
∵a1,a2,a4成等比数
∴(1+d)2=1+3d
∴d=0(舍)或d=1
∴an=1+n-1=n
证明:(2)①∵bn+1=bn2-(n-2)bn+3,且b1≥1,
(i)当n=1时,b1≥1=a1成立
(ii)假设当n=k(k≥1)时成立,即bk≥ak=k
∴bk+1≥k+1=ak+1
当n=k+1时,bk+1=bk2-(k-2)bk+3,
∴bk+1-ak+1=bk+1-(bk+1)=bk2-(k-1)bk+2>k2-k(k-1)+2>0
∴bk+1≥ak+1
综上可证得,对于任意的正整数n,bn≥an都成立
②∵bn+1=bn2-(n-2)bn+3,∴
=1 3+bn+3
,1 bn2-(n-2)bn+6
bn2-(n-2)bn+6=bn(bn+2-n)+6≥2bn+6=2(bn+3),(∵bn≥n)
∴
≤1 bn+1+3
•1 2
,1 bn+3
∴Tn=
+1 3+b1
+1 3+b2
+…+1 3+b3
≤1 3+bn
+1 3+b1
•1 2
+1 3+b1
•1 2
+…+1 3+b2
•1 2
…①1 3+bn-1
∴-
Tn=-1 2
•1 2
-1 3+b1
•1 2
-1 3+b2
•1 2
-…-1 3+b3
•1 2
…②,1 3+bn
①+②可得
•Tn≤1 2
-1 3+b1
•1 2
,1 3+bn-1
•Tn≤1 2
≤1 3+b1
,1 4
∴Tn≤
.1 2
∴Tn=
+1 3+b1
+1 3+b2
+…+1 3+b3
<1 3+bn 1 2