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简述国家预算编制前的准备工作。

答案

参考答案：

（1）对本年度预算执行情况的预测和分析。

（2）拟定下年度预算收支控制指标。

（3）颁发编制国家预算草案的指示和具体规定。

（4）修订预算科目和预算表格。

单项选择题

Blues Starting my own section of blues recommendations fills me with a creeping sense of guilt and complicity. Why Because I’m a white guy writing about an almost completely black genre-black, at least in its origins and in the artists that brought the blues to its zenith in the 50’s and 60’s Unlike, say jazz or soul , white performers played little or no positive role in the development of the blues. What positive effect whites had been far outweighed by the commercial exploitation and social exclusion blues pioneers met at every crossroads. Further, there have been absolutely no significant white blues performers. A few are only imitators. Most can’t even properly be called blues musician: they played rock , folk , or pop music influenced by the blues , and much of it was unabashedly horrible , Mostly, though , writing about the blues makes me feel complicit in the unseemly, modern "blues revival" , a movement almost completely white and unoriginal , a popular uprising of middle-class , middle-aged (usually drunk) white guys pretending that they know something about oppression , depravity, rebellion , and the contradictory celebration of life arises from those conditions . These things are the essence of the blues, and, being a middle-class, middle-aged white guy I can vouch that we know nearly nothing about them. So why am I here Well, I can also youth that the blues, like all music, is a universal language, and I have come to understand it academically, if not experientially. Eventually, I came to love blues music if only for its influence on music more akin to my world-rhythm and blues, soul, rock-but in its own right too. In a general way , the blues speak to things we all have in common-love , betrayal , anger , death-and , from that perspective , I , too , got a right to sing the blues-just , well , not in public. On the other hand, as mentioned above, the blues world is now dominated by while folks. The records are made by while performers, many of them talented and certainly well- meaning but often sanitized and uninspired in ways anathema to the blues. White blues musicians frequently teeter on the precipice of caricature. Like Amos N’ Andy they trade in grossly rendered black mannerisms; that they do it out of love for the form rather than derision of the race seems a poor excuse. Sadly, though, most modern blues records-the good ones as well as the bad-are sold almost exclusively to white folks, too. The black audience for blues music has dwindled down to an older, mainly southern crowd of diehard. So, let’s be honest. I come to praise that original style. Indeed, in my research and writing, I hope to increase my own understanding and appreciation for it. And I hold no particular grudge against modern blues, though modern players will be few and far between among my recommendations Mainly, I cannot ignore the fact that modern blues fans made rich men out of John Lee Hooker, B, B, King, Buddy Guy, and other deserving old masters. But, also, there are modern artists who have made great blues records, Many of these artists are from my home state of Texas, so it seems unpatriotic, if not dishonest, not to acknowledge this fact.

In the sentence "I can also vouch that the blues, like all music, is a universal language" (Paragraph 3 ), the word "vouch" means ______.

A．appreciate

B． promise

C．testify

D．gossip
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阅读理解

TANG Dynasty writer Du Mu once wrote in a poem titled Qingming: "The ceaseless drizzle drips all the dismal day; So broken-hearted fares the traveler on the way.Where can a wine house be found to drown his sadness ?A cowherd points to Almond Flower (Xing Hua) Village in the distance."

Qingming, the traditional tomb-sweeping day on the Chinese lunar calendar, falls on April 4 this year. Qingming Jie was proclaimed a Chinese national holiday in 2008. It is a time for remembering loved ones who have departed (去世). People visit their ancestors’ graves to sweep away the dirt and get rid of any weeds. They also leave offerings (祭品) of food and flowers, and burn incense (香) and paper money. Chinese tombs are usually built in the woods or on mountains, far from the city. It is believed that an area that faces south, with many pine trees, is a proper place for a tomb. People believe such a place will make the ancestors happy, and in return, they will look after the living family.

Nowadays, more and more residents are choosing environmental-friendly ways to spend the holiday such as flower sacrifices and memorial ceremonies on the Internet or at home. As one of the traditional ways to celebrate Tomb-sweeping Day – burning paper or incense – isn't exactly good for air quality.

In contrast to the sadness of the tomb sweepers, people also enjoy hope of Spring on this day. The Qingming Festival is a time when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass become green and nature is again lively. Since ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring outings. At this time tourists are everywhere.

Many people fly kites on Tomb Sweeping Day. They are usually made from a bamboo crossbow with coloured paper. The kite vibrates and buzzes as it rises into the sky, counterbalanced by its tail. Large kites can be as broad as three metres across, with a tail of six to ten metres. Most kites have a rectangular shape, and many have patterns of crabs, centipedes, butterflies, dragonflies, or Chinese characters such as "good fortune" or "long life". (361words)

小题1:What’s the main idea of the second paragraph?

A．The cultural difference between the east and the west.

B．The traditional customs on tomb-sweeping day.

C．Various ways to care for the dead in the world.

D．Qingming Festival小题2:All of the following practices are mentioned on tomb-sweeping day EXCEPT_____ .

A．Weeping over the passed-away.

B．Flying kites made from bamboo and paper

C．Sending flowers to their ancestors’ graves.

D．Burning incense and paper money for the dead.小题3:Which of the following is correct according to passage?

A．Du Mu ,the well-known poet in Song Dynasty wrote a poem about Qing Ming.

B．Qingming Festival used to be a Chinese national holiday.

C．People have the custom of flying kites on Qing Ming.

D．Those whose ancestors were buried in proper places will have a bright future.小题4:The writer write the passage in order to____________ .

A．enable us to observe traditional tomb-sweeping day.

B．show traditional and present ways to spend Qingming Festival .

C．educate people to show their respect to the ancestors

D．raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.
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