问题 填空题

名著阅读题:

(1)杜甫在追思诸葛亮一生时有诗云“出师未捷身先死,长使英雄泪满襟”,诗中“出师未捷”所指的事是______________。

(2)法国作家罗曼·罗兰的《名人传》包括了《贝多芬传》、《米开琅琪罗传》、《_________》三部传记。其中,_________(人名)饱受耳聋折磨。

答案

(1)六出祁山(北伐中原、北伐曹魏)

(2)托尔斯泰传;贝多芬

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成后面的题目。

夜半来客

[美]罗·阿瑟

奥萨贝尔一点也不像小说所描绘的侦探,跟他穿过这家阴暗的发着霉味的法国式旅馆走廊的福勒感到很失望。奥萨贝尔住的房间很小,在六楼,很难想象这是一个传奇式人物应有的住处。

奥萨贝尔是个大胖子,很胖。“你失望了吧?作家先生。”奥萨贝尔转过头来说。他呼哧呼哧喘着气,悄悄笑着,打开他的房门,站在一边,让他扫兴的客人先进去。

“可是,我的朋友,鼓起劲来!”奥萨贝尔继续说道,“很快你就会看见一份文件,这是一份非常重要的东西,为了得到它,好几个男人和女人丧失了生命……这很有戏剧性,是吗?”他边说边从身后把门关上,然后打开电灯。福勒突然毛骨悚然:屋子中央站着个男人,他手里握着一支手枪。

奥萨贝尔惊愕地眨了几下眼睛。

“马柯斯,”他上气不接下气,“你吓了我一跳。我还以为你在柏林呢。在我房间里干什么?”

马柯斯是个瘦弱的男人,个头不高,那张脸容易让人想起狐狸脸上的表情。除了眼前这支手枪,他看起来并不十分危险。

“今晚不是有人要送一份关于某种新式导弹的报告给你么?”马柯斯低声说道,“我想它在我手里要比在你手里更好一些。”

奥萨贝尔走到一张沙发旁,一屁服坐下。“我决不能饶过这个旅馆的管理人。”他咬牙切齿地说,“这可是第二次了:有人从窗外那个该诅咒的阳台翻进我的屋里来!”

福勒的眼睛转向这房间惟一的窗户。夜幕降临,窗外漆黑。

“阳台?”马柯斯惊奇地问,“不,我用的是钥匙。早知道有阳台,我可以省去很多麻烦了。” “这不是我的阳台,”奥萨贝尔生气地解释着,“是隔壁房间的。可它延伸到我窗下,这两间屋过去是一个单元。任何人都可以从隔壁的空房间到阳台上去。上次有个家伙也是这么进来的。”

马柯斯看了一眼福勒,命令道:“请坐好!咱们得等上半个小时。”

“不,确凿地说,是三十一分钟。”奥萨贝尔闷闷不乐地说道,“会面定在十二点半。现在我想知道你是怎样得知这份文件的,马柯斯。”

这个瘦小的间谍不怀好意地笑起来:“我们倒想知道你们的人是怎么把它搞到手的。得啦,今儿夜里我要它重新回到我的手里,那是什么?谁在门口?”

听到敲门声,福勒跳了起来。奥萨贝尔不动声色地微笑着。“那是警察,”他说,“我觉得这样重要的文件,应该受到一点额外的保护。我通知过他们来这儿检查一下,以确保万无一失。”敲门声一阵紧似一阵。

“现在你作何打算?奥萨贝尔先生!”

“假如我不去开门,他们会有其他办法进来的。对于开枪射击这个办法,他们是决不会犹豫的。”

马柯斯飞快地朝窗户退去。他用身后的一只手把窗户打开,一条腿跨进窗外的黑夜。

“把他们打发走!”他警告说,“我在阳台上待着。支走他们,不然我就开枪!”

敲门声更响了。有人在喊:“奥萨贝尔先生,奥萨贝尔先生!”

马柯斯将全身重量压在一条腿上,曲扭着身体,手枪仍然对准胖子和他的客人。另一支手抓住窗框。然后,他抬起另一条腿,跨过窗台。

门把转动,马柯斯飞快地用左手推了一下窗子,朝阳台跳下去,接着一声惨叫,他落下去了。

门开了。侍者亨利手托盘子站在那里,盘子里有一只瓶子和两只玻璃杯。

“这是您要的饮料,先生。”他把盘子放到桌上,熟练地打开瓶子上的软木塞,然后离开了房间。

浑身大颤、脸色苍白的福勒盯着他的背影。“可……可是……警察呢?”他结结巴巴地问。

“哪来的警察?”奥萨贝尔长叹了一声,“不过,我预料亨利会来的。”

“可是,阳台上的那个人……”福勒又问。

“不,”奥萨贝尔回答说,“他永远不会回来了。”

(选自《中外微型小说鉴赏》)

小题1:简要概括并分析小说主人公奥萨贝尔的人物形象。(6分)

小题2:请结合文章分析这篇小说出色的烘托映衬艺术。(6分)

小题3:小说中作为间谍的马柯斯相信了奥萨贝尔的话坠下楼,你认为这样的结局合理吗?结合文章谈谈你的理由。(5分)

小题4:下面对这篇小说的赏析,不正确的两项是(    )(    )(4分)

A.小说以奥萨贝尔接受一份重要的新式导弹报告的始末为主线,表现了一个传奇人物不凡的身手。

B.小说第一段说明住所是在六楼,而那段的中心内容是福勒抱怨奥萨贝尔的住处不怎么样,这就转移了读者的注意力,为下文悄悄地埋下伏笔。

C.福勒在小说中是个起穿插作用的人物,通过他的眼睛看到的情景,通过他提出的疑问,使得情节的发生和发展更加真实可信。

D.面对突然出现的夜半来客,奥萨贝尔说“我决不能饶过这个旅馆的管理人 ”,表现出他对管理人疏于管理,致使自己陷入危险的愤怒。E.这篇小说情节的发展环环相连,发展迅速,虽然短小,但堪称精悍,可与许多需要读几小时或几天的侦探故事或惊险小说相媲美。

问答题

(46) Students of United States history, seeking to identify the circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social conditions that affected the status of women. These historinans, however, have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. (47) Furthermore, the ideological origins of feminism in the United States have been obscured because, even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring within the United States, they failed to recognize that feminism was then a truly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been described as "solitary" and "individual theorists" were in reality connected to a movement—utopian socialism—which was already popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that culminated in the first women’s rights conference held at Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848. (48) Thus, a complete understanding of the origins and development of nineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widened to include Europe and that the detailed study already made of social conditions be expanded to include the ideological development of feminism.

The earliest and most popular of the utopian socialists were the Saint-Simonians. The specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has, however, been less studied than the group’s contribution to early socialism. This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Saint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents’ energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint-Simonianism. Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to Saint-Simonianism, European historians’ appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited.

(49) Saint-Simon’s followers, many of whom were women, based their feminism on an interpretation of his project to reorganize the globe by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powers. The new world order would be ruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and a female, to represent sentiment. This complementarity reflects the fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw an equally important social and political role for both sexes in their utopia.

Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equality based on gender distinction. This minority believed that individuals of both sexes were born similar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-female differences to socialization and education. (50) The envisioned result of both currents of thought, however, was that women would enter public life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men as well as women with an improved way of life.

(46) Students of United States history, seeking to identify the circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social conditions that affected the status of women.