问题 问答题 论述题

如何理解中央银行的会计职能?

答案

参考答案:

中央银行会计职能是指会计工作在中央银行行使职能、加强金融管理活动中所发挥的功能和作用。包括:

(1)反映职能。中央银行会计部门通过对会计科目的设置和运用,对会计报表的制作与分析,为商业银行等金融机构和政府财政部门开立账户,办理资金的划拨与清算等会计活动,综合反映经济和金融动态、金融机构存贷款规模、货币流通状况、国家财政收支及预算执行情况,为调整、制定货币政策和金融监管政策提供重要依据。

(2)监督职能。中央银行会计的监督职能是指通过会计核算、会计分析和会计检查的综合运用,监督金融机构的经营和资金活动,督促其认真遵守财经纪律,保证国家金融政策与制度的贯彻执行;监督中央银行系统内部的财务收支和预算执行情况,保证财务收支计划的完成;监督内部控制机制的运作,保证中央银行资产安全。

(3)管理职能。中央银行是国家的金融管理机构,其会计活动不仅反映了资金变化状况,还具有相应的管理职能。包括:

(1)负责建立中央银行会计核算体系,管理中央银行系统内的会计工作,以确保会计信息及时、准确、客观地反映中央银行的业务活动。

(2)管理金融机构的会计活动。根据国家的会计立法,制定金融会计准则、规范金融会计工作、审批和修改金融机构的会计制度和会计科目,促使其符合国际通行做法。

(3)分析职能。中央银行的会计分析是其会计核算的继续和发展,包括财务分析和经营管理分析。中央银行通过会计分析,将各类业务数据转化为充分反映金融体系和全社会资金运动状况与变化趋势的会计信息资料,从而有助于中央银行掌握宏观经济和金融动态,有助于强化中央银行职能。

阅读理解

One day a poor farmer was taking a bag of wheat to town. Suddenly the bag fell off his horse onto the road. He did not know what he could do about it because it was too heavy for him to lift by himself. He only hoped that someone would soon pass by and lend him a hand.

Just at his moment, a man riding a horse came up to him. But the farmer felt disappointed when he saw who he was. It was the great man who lived nearby. He thought the great man wouldn’t help him, and hoped another farmer would come up. But to his surprise, the great man got off his horse as soon as he came near, “I see you need help,” he said, “I’m here just at the right time. ” Then he took one end of the bag and the farmer took the other, They lifed it together and put it on the horse.

“Sir,” asked the farmer, “how can I pay you?”

“It’s quite easy,” the great man answered, “when you see anyone else in trouble, do the same for him. ”

小题1:What did the poor farmer take to town?

A.A bag of coins

B.A bag of wheat

C.A bag of rice

D.A bag of apples小题2:Why couldn’t the poor farmer lift the bag of wheat?

A.Because he was too young to lift the bag

B.Because he was too old to lift the bag

C.Because the bag was too heavy for him to lift

D.Because the bag was too large for him to lift小题3:The poor farmer felt ____ when he saw the great man

A.happy

B.good

C.afraid

D.sad小题4:When he saw the poor farmer in trouble, the great man ____

A.went away without stopping

B.asked another farmer to help him

C.came up to help him

D.gave him a lot of money小题5:The great man asked the poor farmer to pay him ____

A.by giving him money

B.by giving him a horse

C.by giving him a bag of wheat

D.by helping others

多项选择题