问题 选择题

2011年,某商品价值为100元。2012年,生产该商品的社会劳动生产率提高了20%,其它条件不变,该商品的价值是

A.125元 

B.85元

C.83元

D.75元

答案

答案:C

题目分析:该题考查商品的价值量,商品的价值量与社会劳动生产率成反比,故生产该商品的社会劳动生产率提高了20%后,商品的价值=100/(1+20%),即约等于83,故C观点符合题意,ABD均与题意不符,故答案应选C。

点评:本知识点是考试的难点问题,考试要理解几者的关系:商品的价值量由社会必要劳动时间决定,与社会必要劳动时间成正比,与社会劳动生产率成反比,与个别劳动时间无关,个别劳动生产率与价值量无关,但是与价值总量成正比,本题有一定的难度。

单项选择题

As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an increasingly important marketing center for a vast agricultural hinterland. Market days (1) the crowded city even more crowded, as farmers from within a (2) of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, vegetables, cider and other products for direct sale to the (3) . The High Street Market was continuously (4) throughout the period until 1736, (5) it (6) from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street. The next year the Callow Hill Market began (7) .

Along with market days, the (8) of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia (9) after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities. The (10) provided a means of bringing handmade goods from (11) places to would-be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, (12) , were popular items.

Auctions were another popular (13) of trade. Because of the competition, retail (14) opposed these as well as the fairs. (15) governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the ordinary (16) of economic development was on the merchants’side, as increasing business specialization became the (17) of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appear (18) general stores selling a variety of goods.

One of the reasons Philadelphia’s merchants prospered was because the surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. They did their business, (19) , in the capital city of the province, (20) to not only the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony.

14()

A.merchants

B.farmers

C.businessmen

D.citizens

名词解释