问题 单项选择题

信息系统结构化开发方法有若干基本原则,下列不属于结构化方法基本原则的是

A.强调系统观点,自上而下进行分析

B.强调动态完成需求定义

C.强调开发的阶段性,按时间划分阶段

D.强调各阶段文档资料的规范和完整

答案

参考答案:B

解析: (1)坚持面向用户的观点。从调查入手,充分理解用户业务活动和信息需求,这是系统设计的主要依据。(2)深入调查研究。在充分调查与分析的基础上,对系统的需求和约束进行充分的理解,对系统开发的可行性进行论证,制定合理、科学的新系统设计方案,以避免或减少系统开发的盲目性,而不是强调动态完成需求定义,选项B错误。(3)强调运用系统的观点(即全局的观点)对企业进行白上而下、从粗到细的分析,将系统逐层、逐级地分解,最后进行综合,构成全企业的信息模型。选项A正确。(4)强调按时间顺序、工作内容,将系统开发任务划分工作阶段,如分析阶段、设计阶段、实施阶段以及运行维护阶段等。选项C正确。(5)文档的标准化。强调各阶段文档资料的规范和完整,以便下一阶段工作有所遵循,并便于系统的维护。选项D正确。(6)结构化方法充分估计事物发展变化的因素,运用模块结构方式来组织系统,使系统在灵活性和可变性等方面得以充分体现。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解

     Motorists who used to listen to the radio or their favorite tunes on CDs may have a new way to

entertain themselves, after engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.

     A team from the Hokkaido Industrial Research Institute has built a number of "melody roads",

which use cars as tuning forks(音叉)to play music as they travel.

     The concept works by using grooves(凹槽). They are cut at very specific intervals in the road

surface. The melody road uses the spaces between to create different notes.

     Depending on how far apart the grooves are, a car moving over them will produce a series of high

or low notes, and designers are able to create a distinct tune.

Patent documents for the design describe it as notches(刻痕)"formed in a road surface so as to play

a melody without producing simple sound or rhythm and reproduce melodylike tones".

      There are three musical strips in central and northern Japan-one of which plays the tune of a

Japanese pop song. Reports say the system was invented by Shizuo Shinoda.He scraped some

markings into a road with a bulldozer(推土机)before driving over them and found that they helped

to produce all kinds of tones.

     The optimal speed for melody road is 44 kph,but people say it is not always easy to get the intended

sound.

      "You need to keep the car windows closed to hear well,"wrote one Japanese blogger."Driving too

fast will sound like playing fast forward, while driving around 12 mph[20 km/h]has a slowmotion effect,

making you almost carsick."

1.According to the passage,melody roads use________to create different notes.

A. cars  

B. grooves

C. spaces between intervals  

D. bulldozers

2. We can learn from the passage that the highness of notes is depended on________.

A. how far the grooves are

B. how big the grooves are

C. the number of the grooves

D. the speed of the car

3. The underlined word "optimal" in the passage might mean________.

A. fastest  

B. possible

C. best  

D. suitable

4. In order to hear the music well,you have to________.

A. drive very fast

B. drive slowly

C. open the windows wide

D. keep the windows closed

5. What's the best title of the passage?

A. A New Type of Music

B. Melody Roads in Japan

C. A Musical Road Surface

D. A New Invention in Japan