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问题 单项选择题

主流经济理论认为，制造商仅仅根据消费者的需要和愿望来决定生产的产品的种类以及这些产品的形式。然而，每个看电视的人都知道，大多数的大生产商都能操纵甚至创造消费者的需求。既然连主流经济学家也要看电视，那么他们在提出这个理论时的动机一定不是在追求科学真理时应该有的公正无私的动机。 制造商操纵和创造消费者需求的声明在上面论证中所起的作用是下面哪项

A．它是结论所依赖的一个声明之一。

B．它是上述论证的结论。

C．它陈述了驳斥的方法。

D．它陈述了一个可能反对上述论证的结论的理由。

E．它提供了补充背景信息。

答案

参考答案：A

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Water skiing is a sport with many social, economic and health benefits to society. It is unique in

that it is a sport where able and disabled persons, and people as young as 5 years and as old as 80

years of age can participate alongside each other. It is a sport that involves more than one person,

and is a wonderful family activity that gathers members together for a day of fun at a favorite waterway.

     Anyone who has put on water skis can attest to its health benefits-it is a sport that demands and

develops strength, agility and endurance. The sport includes several disciplines(训练) including slalom,

tricks, cable, jump, ski racing, kneeboard, wakeboard, and barefoot, with each of these practiced

for either recreational or competitive enjoyment.

     Safety Tips for Water-Skiers

    Don't take unnecessary risks while water-skiing. The following tips will help you safely enjoy this

thrilling sport:

     ALWAYS have an observer in the boat. This is a legal requirement in many states. The boat

driver cannot watch the skier and operate the boat safely at the same time.

     ALWAYS wear a Coast Guard approved Personal Flotation Device (PFD) designed for water

skiing.  Ski belts are NOT recommended. Your approved PFD will help keep you afloat.

     NEVER ski in rough water. High waves or a choppy sea will prevent the tow boat from maintaining

a steady course and speed.

     NEVER ski after dark. It is dangerous AND illegal. Any boat traveling fast enough to tow a skier

is traveling too fast to navigate safely at night.

     NEVER water-ski while under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Such activity is extremely

dangerous because of the impairment to your judgment and ability to respond. A recent study

conducted with expert skiers who were purposely drunk indicated that even their ability to ski

was dramatically reduced.

     Use hand signals between the skier and observer. Agree before you start what each signal means

so there is no confusion at a critical moment.

1. Who can accompany you to go water skiing?

A. A pupil in a primary school.                  

B. A person who is disabled.

C. A family member.                          

D. All above.

2. Which is WRONG according to the passage?

A. Water skiing helps build up one's strength.  

B. The disciplines mentioned are only for competitions.

C. Hand signals should be agreed on before skiing.

D. Rough water makes the tow boat less steady

3. Which of the following is against law while water skiing?

A. An observer doesn't watch the skier.

B. A skier doesn't fasten his safe belt.

C. Go skiing at midnight.

D. Go skiing after drinking wine.

4. The purpose of the article is to      .

A. warn people of the danger of skiing

B. tell how to enjoy water skiing properly and safely

C. tell people, both young and old, to learn to ski

D. tell people not to go skiing after drinking too much
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单项选择题

The "standard of living" of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’s standard of living, (1) , depends first and (2) on its capacity to produce wealth." Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money (3) on things that money can buy. "Goods" such as food and clothing, and "services" such as transport and " (4) ". A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of (5) have an effect on one another. Wealth depends (6) a great extent upon a country’s natural resources. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a (7) climate; other regions possess none of them.

Next to natural resources (8) the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well (9) as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and (10) wars, and (11) this and other reasons was (12) to develop her resources. (13) and stable political conditions, and (14) from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well (15) by nature but less well ordered.

A country’s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed (16) its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. (17) , Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on (18) grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would (19) be lacking. A country’s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, (20) that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.

13（）

A.Strong

B.Sturdy

C.Sound

D.Robust
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