财政赤字导致的通货膨胀，属于( )。
A．需求拉上型
B．成本推进型
C．混合推动型
D．结构型
参考答案：A
解析： 需求拉上型通货膨胀是由于货币的过多供给和投资过热而引起需求过旺，拉动了价格的上涨。题中“财政赤字导致的通货膨胀”，属于该种类型。而增加的工资或利润被转加到产品的价格中去，则发生了由成本推动的通货膨胀。混合推动型通货膨胀是需求与成本因素混合的通货膨胀。结构型通货膨胀是指由于经济结构失调而导致的通货膨胀。
| The conception of God and nature and of the relation of man to both provided the 18th- century philosophers with their faith in the worth and dignity of the individual man and the efficacy of human reason. The 18th century was the moment in history when men experienced the first flush and freshness of the idea that man is master of his own fate; the moment in history, also, when this emancipating idea, not yet brought to the harsh test of experience, could be accepted with unclouded optimism. Never had the nature seemed less mysterious, more simply constructed, more open and visible and eager to yield its secrets to common-sense questions. Never had the nature of man seemed less perverse, or the intelligence and will of men more pliable (yielding) to rational persuasion. Never had social and political evils seemed so wholly the result of ignorance and superstition, or so easily corrected by the spread of knowledge and the construction of social institutions on a rational plan. The first task of political science was to discover the natural rights of man, the second to devise the form of government best suited to secure them. And for accomplishing this high task, for creating and maintaining a society founded on justice and equality, the essential freedom was freedom of the mind. |
The "emancipating idea" in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to the idea that ______ .
A．man is master of his own fate
B．men experienced the first idea
C．history is made up of moments
D．the first idea was flush and fresh