问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面语段,完成文后各题。

二 马

刘亚洲

马玉龙和马占扶是回民。马玉龙是排长,马占扶是战士。我到主攻团采访。政委告诉我:“突击连有‘二马’,大马勇敢,是尖刀排排长;小马胆小,是‘夹带人’。”我要求去突击连。

当夜我宿在突击连。睡觉前,忽闻骚动。我出去。马玉龙阻止我过去,对我说:“下午营教导员带一名通信员来突击连,半路被潜伏的敌方特工队袭击。打死人还不算,还把教导员大卸八块。现在教导员被肢解的尸体刚抬回。”战士们都流泪。马占扶率先哭出声来。哭声响成一片。马玉龙拔出手枪,在空场上来回走动。在他的房屋的门上,一群燕子正筑巢,叽叽喳喳叫不停。马玉龙被聒噪得烦,抬手就是一枪,树枝纷落,燕子散去。

深夜,我梦正酣,忽然一声枪响,是那么近,犹在耳边。我的心怦怦猛跳。一声尖叫撕破寂静:“特工队!”屋内顿时陷入可怕的混乱。一个黑影兔子似的冲出门去,急促的脚步声远去。是马占扶。大家都起来,方闹清是场虚惊。哨兵走火。那声尖叫是某战士的条件反射。第二天,马占扶被友邻部队送回。昨夜他从梦中惊起,一口气狂奔二十里,鞋也未穿,脚板全是血。马占扶回排时,马玉龙噼噼啪啪地鼓掌,一脸鄙夷之色。马占扶抬不起头来。

进攻前一天,我又来突击连。驻地静如坟墓。马玉龙说:“从前天接到作战命令起,全连没一个笑脸!”我与马玉龙相顾无语。誓师大会后写遗嘱。遗嘱多是使用录音机。马玉龙给母亲录的话是:“你曾告诉我,打仗时不要想娘,一想娘,就不勇敢了。儿从小就好强。到部队后,领导也老批评我有个人英雄主义倾向。我认为,个人英雄主义也在英雄主义范畴内。”马占扶对着录音机啜泣,断断续续地讲了半小时。他口音重,我实在听不懂他讲些什么,但我清清楚楚地听见他每讲一句就要喊一声娘。就在马占扶声泪俱下录音的当儿,马玉龙吩咐一班长战斗打响后一定要盯紧马占扶。我猛然感到了一种残酷。我的双眼溢满泪水。临行前,喝壮行酒,又是一团死寂。只有马玉龙屋檐下传来燕子的呢喃。它们又在那儿筑巢呢。马玉龙冷冷地望了一会儿,捡起块石头掷过去,覆巢之下,燕子惊飞。

午夜,突击连到山脚下潜伏。马玉龙命令一班长紧挨着马占扶趴在草丛中。凌晨,一发炮弹击中马占扶的隐蔽处。马占扶负重伤。马占扶痛极了,把一颗手榴弹塞进嘴巴里,死死咬住。他像石头,纹丝不动。他流了那么多血,把趴在周围的战士的衣服都浸湿了。发起冲锋时,马玉龙第一个跳起来。马占扶仍一动不动,一班长拎他的背带,马占扶竟整个儿被拎起来了,原来他下半身被齐齐地切断。马玉龙率尖刀排直插主峰。战士悲壮到了极点。马玉龙在一处秘密掩体前被机枪打断双腿。全连被火力压制。马玉龙昂起鲜血淋漓的头颅,艰难地向掩体爬去。连长惊觉他要干什么,高叫:“一排长,不要这样!”马玉龙在向掩体机枪口扑过去的那一瞬间还回了一下头,向着连长灿烂一笑。马玉龙身上被机枪穿了170个窟窿。战斗结束后,马占扶的遗体被抬下来,战士们想取出他嘴里的手榴弹,却怎么也取不出。他咬得是那样紧,以至于它成为他身体的一部分了。用手术刀切开嘴唇,才取出来。当战士把这枚染血的手榴弹放在我手上时,我看见手榴弹钢铁的弹体上清晰地印着一排牙印。马占扶是忍受了多大的痛苦才死去的呀。马玉龙的遗体被抬到他住的屋前。战士们为他换衣。小心翼翼地替他擦拭身体。他的无神的眼睛一直凝视着灰暗的天空。我站在旁边,不忍目睹。

燕子又一次在屋檐下筑巢。燕雀不谙人间事,欢叫如常。战士用竹竿把刚筑好的窝捅下来。噫!奇怪的事情发生了。只见一只燕子箭一般地从空中俯冲下来,猛撞在屋檐上,发出“嘭”的一声响,头溅血,死亡。大家尚惊愕,又有两只燕子用同样的方式撞向大门,俱死。我恍然,燕子三次筑巢不成,以自杀抗争。燕子的悲哀有谁知?人的悲哀又有谁知?最壮观的情景出现了。不知从何方飞来一群燕,在死去的燕子尸体上盘旋,当然也在马玉龙的尸体上盘旋。是那么多,快不见天了。叫声凄凉哀婉。羽毛在空中飘浮,洒向人间都是泪啊!

1.小说中三次写到了燕子筑巢被毁,简要分析其写作用意。(6分)

2.“燕子的悲哀有谁知?人的悲哀又有谁知?”结合全文,说说“燕子的悲哀”和“人的悲哀”各自的内涵。(6分)

3.下列对文章的赏析,不正确的两项是(  )(  )(4分)

A.马玉龙和马占扶虽同为突击连战士,但性格品质却截然不同,马玉龙大义凛然,勇猛善战;马占扶则自私自利,贪生怕死。

B.群燕盘旋不停并发出阵阵哀鸣,仿佛在替自杀而死的燕子申诉冤屈。这样的典型细节描写很好地起到渲染气氛的作用。

C.本文运用对比映衬的手法,使小说的人物的性格更加鲜明。马玉龙和马占扶尽管性格不同,但都是战争年代涌现出来的值得敬佩的英雄。

D.小说借用了通讯报道的写法,构思新颖,人物事件更加集中,还起到了震撼人心的效果。E.文章最后一段画线句子,以问句的形式,引人深思,发人深省。

答案

1.第一次是为了突出马玉龙为战友的牺牲而痛苦,为敌人的暴行而愤怒,心中充满复仇之念。(2分)第二次是为了展示马玉龙对战争的残酷有着清醒的认识,怀有慷慨赴死之志。(2分)第三次是为了渲染战士们为马玉龙的牺牲而悲伤的氛围。(2分)

2.“燕子的悲哀”指的是燕子三次筑巢不成,以自杀抗争。(3分)“人的悲哀”指的是战争破坏了人们安宁的生活,夺走了诸多年轻而可贵的生命。(3分)

3.AB

1.这是衬托手法的运用,通过三次写燕子筑巢被毁衬托人物悲愤的心情,逐步展现人物性格,丰满人物形象。

2.用燕子的悲哀不幸暗喻战争给人类带来的灾难。

3.A“马占扶则自私自利,贪生怕死”错。B“仿佛在替自杀而死的燕子申诉冤屈”错。

单项选择题
阅读理解

C

BERLIN-A German woman,fearful that a burglar(夜贼)was trying to break into her second storey apartment,called police after she heard someone climbing up to her balcony shortly after midnight,police said Thursday.

Police discovered the “burglar” was a man carrying flowers and a bottle of wine who turned out to be the woman’s boyfriend.But then arrested him on an outstanding reason.

“He was trying to surprise her with the flowers and a bottle of wine but it all went wrong,”said Korbach police spokesman Volker Koenig.He said the man jumped down from the balcony and tried to escape but was quickly caught by police.

“He nevertheless gave the police who were taking him to jail the bottle of wine as a gesture of thanks for the friendly treatment after the arrest.”Koenig said.

LONDON-A smoker who died after battling emphysema(肺气肿)has had his dying wish granted with the placement of a “SMOKING KILLED ME” sign on his hearse and his grave.

Albert Whittamore blamed his youthful smoking habit for the lung disease. He said before he died in February that he wanted the sign to serve as a warning to young people about the dangers of tobacco smoking.

The sign was designed to look like the health warning on a packet of cigarettes. The printed notice at his grave will be left in place for a week. The hearse carrying his body through the town of Dover 100 miles (160 kilometers) southeast of London and several of the printed signs displayed in the windows.

49. The man climbing up_________.

A. was actually a wanted thief

B. was put into prison in the end

C. thanked the police for setting him free

D. was treated badly by the police

50. The best title for the first news item might be “_________”

A. A burglar’s love    B. A devoted boyfriend 

C. Flowers and wine    D. Price for being romantic

51. The public paid more attention to the smoker because          .

A.he died after smoking for many years

B.he had the sign put on his hearse and his grave

C.he(tied of a lung disease without any treatment

D.he wanted the sign left on his grave for one day

52.Which of the following is NOT true?

A.The sign will be printed on the packet of cigarettes.   

B.The signs were also shown in the windows of the hearse.

C.London is to the northwest of the town of Dover.

D.The smoker regretted forming the habit of smoking.