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45．若发送40字节的数据帧，从开始发送到收到确认帧的时间为120ms。设信道传播时延为20ms，采用停等协议，帧的控制信息、确认帧长及帧处理时间均忽略不计。试求出数据传输速率。

答案

参考答案：120ms-20ms×2=80ms 40B×8=320bit 320bit÷80ms×1000=4000bps=4Kbps

问答题

Turkey’s Bodrum peninsula is different. The tourist boom in this part of the world (1) turned some small villages into resorts yet left neighbouring beaches undisturbed, making it quite (2) southern France or the Spanish Coasts where few stretches of coastline are undevelopeD．
The (3) for this happy set of circumstances is simple. For thousands of years, travel here (4) easier by boat than by lanD．So when mass tourism arrived in the (5) 1980s, there was no coast road for ribbon development to follow. So the peninsula, just (6) hour from Bodrum airport, has not become one long littoral of resort.
The building (7) new hotels has mainly been confined to places easily reached by then relatively (8) roads. Such ease of access has made Gumbet, near Bodrum, a busy resort, while the little fishing village of Gumusluk, 12 miles further west and only recently reachable by (9) , remains tranquil and undisturbeD．
It’s worth thinking carefully about location when planning a family (10) on the peninsulA．Choose a place that is centrally located, preferably out of earshot (11) Bodrum town’s "lively"—which means nosy—nightlife, and you can then use (12) area’s comfortably small scale to your advantage. Today’s new roads mean most places can (13) reached in under an hour by taxi or the ubiquitous dolmus-minibus.
The (14) of facilities at the Tamarisk Beach Hotel near the small village of Ortakent makes (15) a good base. The family-run hotel—rooms and suites are in two-storey buildings (16) by palm trees and flowers in terracotta pots—sits above its own sandy (17) beach, shaded by tamarisk trees and sheltered by nearby islands.
The hotel is (18) child-friendly, too. Children, from infants up to young teenagers, can take part in a (19) of games and activities that include tuition in windsurfing, dinghy (20) catamaran sailing.

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一个简化的高铁售票系统的规格说明如下： ●乘客未使用系统前系统处于“等待”状态，屏幕显示沿线各车站的站名。 ●乘客选择了到达站并按下[购票]键之后，系统进入“待付款”状态，屏幕显示票价，等待乘客付款。 ●如果乘客在限时之内付款，系统进入“出票”状态，打印并吐出相应车票，同时找回余额，然后系统重置回到“等待”状态。 ●如果乘客在限时之内未付款之前按下[取消]键取消购票，系统进入“等待”状态。 ●如果乘客在限时之内没有付款，系统进入“超时”状态，显示“超时”“取消购票”等信息，然后系统重置回到“等待”状态。 ●如果乘客在拿到车票后要求退票，在“等待”状态下按下[退票]键，系统进入“查证”状态。 ●如果查证成功，系统进入“退票”状态。回收车票，退回票款，然后系统重置回到“等待”状态；如果查证不成功，系统进入“警告”状态，屏幕显示“车票无效”信息，然后系统重置回到“等待”状态。

计算该状态转换图的圈复杂度并给出基本测试路径。
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