问题 单项选择题

IntServ是Internet实现QoS的一种方式,它主要依靠______,其实现资源预留的是______。

A.SLA
B.RSVP
C.RTP
D.MPLS

答案

参考答案:B

解析:本题考查QoS及IntServ的基本知识。
最初试图在因特网中将网络提供的服务划分为不同类别的是IETF提出的综合服务(Integrated Serviceg, IntServ)。IntServ可对单个的应用会话提供服务质量的保证。
IntServ定义了3种不同等级的服务类型。
(1)有保证的服务:为端到端的分组排队的延时提供稳定的、数学上可证明的边界,使得提供保证延时和带宽的服务成为可能。
(2)受控负载的服务。
(3)尽力服务:不提供任何类型的服务保证。
IntServ的4个组成部分如下:
(1)资源预留协议RSVP,也就是信令协议。
(2)接纳控制(Admission Control)程序。
(3)分类程序(Classifier)。
(4)调度程序(Scheduler)。
IntServ依靠接纳控制决定链路或网络结点是否有足够的资源满足QoS请求。
IntServ的缺点如下:
(1)可扩展性能差,因为IntServ要求端到端的信令,在每一台路由器上,都要检查每一进入的包并保证相应的服务,因而每一台路由器都必须维护每一条流的状态信息,从而增加了综合服务的复杂性,导致可扩展性差。
(2)如果存在不支持IntServ的结点/网络,虽然信令可以透明通过,但对应用来说,已经无法实现真正意义上的资源预留,所希望达到的QoS保证也就大打折扣。
(3)对路由器的较高要求,由于需要端到端的资源预留,必须要求从发送者到接收者之间所有路由器都支持所实施的信令协议,因此所有路由器必须实现RSVP、接纳控制、MF分类和包调度。
(4)该模型不适合于生存期的业务流。

阅读理解

阅读理解

     When friends come to visit us in the evening, they spend their time telling us they are in a hurry and

looking at their watches. It isn't that our friends are all very busy, it is just that we haven't got a television.

People think that we are very strange. "But what do you do in the evening?", they are always asking. The

answer is very simple. Both my wife and I have hobbies. We certainly don’t spend our evenings staring at

the walls. My wife enjoys cooking and painting and often attends evening classes in foreign languages.

This is particularly useful as we often go abroad for our holidays. I collect stamps and I'm always busy

with my collection. Both of us enjoy listening to the music and playing chess together. 

     Sometimes there are power cuts and we have no electricity in the house. This does not worry us, we

just light candles and carry on with what we were doing before. Our friends, however, are lost—no

television! —So they don't know what to do. On such evenings our house is very full—they all come to

us. They all have a good time. Instead of sitting in silence in front of the television, everybody talks and

plays games.

1. The couple have not got a television, because     .

A. they are not rich enough          

B. they are strange people

C. they enjoy spending evenings in their own ways

D. they don't know what to do when there are power cuts

2. Both of them are interested in     .

A. learning languages  

B. traveling  

C. staying home alone              

D. watching people play games

3.  At night when there is no electricity, the couple       .

A. have to stare at the walls  

B. can do nothing but sit in silence

C. will have many visitors    

D. have to go out for candles

4. The best title for this passage is _____.

A. Why Do We Need a Television?

B. Candle! But No Electricity!

C. Different Friends, Different Hobbies.

D. We Go Without Televisions!

单项选择题