问题 单项选择题

A.ISO/IEC 15504

B.ISO 12207

C.SA-CMM

D.CMM

答案

参考答案:A

解析:

[分析]:
ISO/IEC 15504提供了一个软件过程评估的框架。它可以被任何组织用于软件的设计、管理、监督、控制以及提高获得、供应、开发、操作、升级和支持的能力。它提供了一种结构化的软件过程评估方法。
ISO/IEC 15504中定义的过程评估办法自在为描述工程评估结果的通用方法提供一个基本原则,同时也对建立在不同但兼容的模型和方法上的评估进行比较。评估过程的复杂性取决于评估所处的环境。
ISO 12207为软件从构思到报废的寿命周期过程提供了框架。IS012207规定了5个“主要过程”——采办、供应、开发、维护和操作。它把这5个过程分为各项“活动”,再把各项活动分为各项“任务”,并对任务的执行提供了要求。它还规定了8个“保障过程”——文档、配置管理、质量保证、验证、确认、联合评审、审查和问题的解决,以及4个“组织过程”——管理、基础建设、改进和培训。
CMM一般特指SW-CMM(软件过程能力成熟度模型),见试题(19)的分析。
SA-CMM (Software Acquisition Capability Maturity Model,软件采办能力成熟度模型),它是为需要采购或分包软件系统的公司或组织设计的能力成熟度模型,用来评估、改善或控制软件系统的获取过程。软件采办能力成熟度模型也分为5级:初始级、可重复级、己定义级、定量管理级、优化级。与CMM不同的是,SA-CMM关注的是软件购买者的软件能力成熟度;而CMM关注的是软件系统承包者或开发商的软件能力成熟度。SA-CMM适用于软件生命周期的各个阶段,包括维护过程。
在CMM模型体系中,SA-CMM是作为管理软件的外包或分包过程的模型,需要评估或改善软件采办或分包过程的公司或组织可以按照SA-CMM模型去调整自己的组织管理能力和操作过程。

填空题
完形填空

When I was about 8 years old, I asked my mum to buy me a certain biscuit because it sponsored(赞助)Flash Gordon. Gordon was a super-hero who 31 for good deeds(事情)in outer space.
My mum would buy the 32 for me because I 33 the prize that came with it. The prize was a pair of glasses that Gordon 34 .
However, in order to get the prize I had to 35 the whole box of biscuits out because it was at the 36 . I didn’t dare to think of 37 my way to the prize because I was too 38 . Yes, I wanted to be like Flash Gordon! 39 the glasses came out from the bottom, I put them on. I felt like my favorite 40 . I wore them everywhere my mum and I went. I even tried to wear them to 41, but the teachers didn’t want a super-hero flying around the playground.
Over the years there were other prizes from many 42 brands(牌子)of biscuits, but I was never really 43 the biscuits, only the 44 .
When you think about it, 45 itself can be like a box of biscuits. Even as adults, we keep 46 that prize at all costs. Just 47 what we do at times. We become greedy(贪婪的)to get what we think is the prize.
Try to look at it from a different view. Wouldn’t it be better to 48 the journey along the way ? In other words, don’t be impatient and pour the box. That will only spoil(破坏)the 49 meaning of the prize. Enjoy what you have and be grateful. I promise your prize will 50 , without having to push others out of the way to get it.
小题1:
A.paidB.preparedC.foughtD.waited
小题2:
A.biscuitB.toyC.bookD.space
小题3:
A.designedB.deservedC.offeredD.wanted
小题4:
A.madeB.soldC.ownedD.wore
小题5:
A.throwB.pourC.putD.leave
小题6:
A.beginningB.sideC.bottomD.top
小题7:
A.changingB.losingC.eatingD.finding
小题8:
A.impatientB.lazyC.weakD.nervous
小题9:
A.AlthoughB.SinceC.WhileD.Once
小题10:
A.soldierB.heroC.modelD.player
小题11:
A.cinemaB.schoolC.hospitalD.shop
小题12:
A.oldB.famousC.differentD.special
小题13:
A.interested inB.afraid ofC.good atD.angry at
小题14:
A.colorB.priceC.boxD.prize
小题15:
A.successB.lifeC.loveD.wealth
小题16:
A.looking atB.looking afterC.looking forD.looking up
小题17:
A.think aboutB.set downC.pack upD.go through
小题18:
A.cutB.stopC.planD.enjoy
小题19:
A.newB.realC.funnyD.strange
小题20:
A.appearB.disappearC.flowD.enrich