问题 单项选择题

阅读下面短文,回答下列问题。
每月有六至九天专门受理民事诉讼,当然农忙季节——即自四月一日到七月三十日——除外(在此期间,凡涉及户婚、田土及各类轻微之事的争讼概不受理)。州县官在每月将定的这几天里必须亲自坐堂接受人们的控告。他的第一个步骤是通过当堂质问决定控告是当受理还是当驳回。在诉状的末尾写上一个“批”词,或宣布受理,或说明不受理的理由。
写批词的方式,人各有异。一些精明能干的州县官一收到诉状就在原告面前挥毫立就写出批词或与幕友讨论后亲自写批,因而闻名遐迩。有些州县官虽然并不亲自写批词,但喜欢与幕友们讨论案子并发表自己的见解。然而,大多数州县官并不熟悉法律,也无能力写批词,因而只得求幕友代为作批。方大冢忠告,只有经验丰富的州县官才可试试当庭作批词;因为缺乏经验的官员所作的批词或许无法使人信服,甚至是荒谬的。
法律规定,属州县司法管辖的民事案件必须在二十日内审结。然而,因为拖延审判并没有刑责,许多州县官无视这一期限。对州县官的这类抱怨经常可见。
(摘自瞿同祖《清代地方政府》,范忠信、晏锋译,法律出版社,2003)

在实践中,批词主要由谁撰写

A.州官

B.县官

C.幕友

D.衙役

答案

参考答案:C

解析: 根据原文“然而,大多数州县官并不熟悉法律,也无能力写批词,因而只得求幕友代为作批”可知,在实践中批词主要由幕友撰写的。

实验题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

      Everyone makes mistakes in life, but for whales and dolphins, the "mistake" of landing on the shore

costs the highest price-their lives.

      People living along the coast of Australia and New Zealand have been shocked and saddened by the

number of whales and dolphins that they have found on their beaches recently. Since November 28th, 96

whales and dolphins have died in Australia and 53 whales died in New Zealand. Although 20 whales were

saved, some of these were not expected to live, as they were too weak to swim with the others back to

sea.

      Bob Brown, leader of Australia's Green party, said the mass beaching was caused by the recent "sound

bombing" of the ocean floor between the two countries. This is a method of testing for oil and gas reserves

(储藏量).

      But mass beaching of whales has long puzzled scientists. Typically most members of the stranded (搁

浅) group will appear to be perfectly healthy. "Some researchers believe that close relationship within the

group causes the problem, if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave" said Shery Gibney, a leading

biologist in New Zealand. "Some will come in and try and assist it; if they get trapped on the beach, then

more will come."

      Another common theory is that the whales' navigation (导航) system are thought to break down in some

way. It has been said that whales follow electromagnetic (电磁的) patterns in the sea-bed. The whales can

get confused because these patterns sometimes change. That would be a bit like a new roundabout (环状交

叉路) being built on a road you were used to driving on. You might be confused for a minute when you

come to it for the first time, and you might even take a wrong turning before getting back on your route.

      A different idea is that when whales chase fish for food they end up in shallow waters because they are

not paying attention to where they are going.

      And yet, from time to time a group will swim on purpose into shallow waters and end up on the beach,

where they die. If returned to the sea, some whales often show great determination in restraining themselves.

1. ______ whales and dolphins would probably die in this mass beaching along the coast of Australia and

    New Zealand. [ ]

A. Less than 100

B. Less than 150

C. More than 150

D. 149

2. Which of the following can be used to explain the term "sound bombing"? [ ]

A. The terrible sound that is caused in the war between two countries.

B. Human activities that aim to explore the ocean floor.

C. The loud sound that whales and dolphins make.

D. The earthquakes that happen on the ocean floor.

3. Which of the following couldn't probably lead to the mass beaching of whales? [ ]

A. A change in the electromagnetic patterns that whales follow.

B. New roundabout being built on a road.

C. Their full attention to the search for food.

D. Exploiting natural resources in oceans.

4. The passage is mainly about ______. [ ]

A. that whales and dolphins may make mistakes as well as human beings

B. how scientists have found the reasons for the mass beaching of whales

C. how human beings make use of the ocean resources

D. why the mass beaching of whales happens