问题 单项选择题

用单位荷载法求图示结构A、召两点相对竖向位移时,其虚设单位荷载取()。

A.

B.

C.

D.

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

利用单位荷载法,如果求某两个截面之间的相对线位移,则应该在这两个截面相应位置处施加一对单位集中力,且方向相反,如右图所示,因此选项(B)正确。 点评:单位荷载法不仅可以用于计算线位移,而且可以用于计算角位移、相对位移等。在用单位荷载法建立虚拟的平衡状态时,需要注意单位荷载应是与所求广义位移相应的广义力。此处的相应指的是力与位移在做功关系上的对应,例如与线位移相对应的是集中力,与角位移相对应的是力偶等。另外要注意的是,应使单位荷载仅在所求的广义位移上做功,而且使所做的功就等于所求位移本身。

多项选择题
单项选择题

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that (1) a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who (2) recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no (3) or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain (4) while completing a task that could (5) either reward or punishment.

(6) with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had (7) neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward. (8) , the high-risk girls showed no (9) in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in (10) past experiences to assist learning.

The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area (11) receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time (12) information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.

"Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed (13) reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically (14) in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression, (15) they have not yet experienced a depressive (16) ," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. " (17) , longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations (18) in this study during the processing of (19) and losses are associated with the (20) onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

9()

A.movement

B.sign

C.symbol

D.activation