问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,完成文后各题。

什么是CPI

CPI(Consumer Price Index),即居民消费价格指数,是反映一组代表性商品和服务项目价格水平变化趋势和变动幅度的统计指标,以零售量或居民消费量为权数,反映消费者所付商品的价格水平。

作为一种价格指数,CPI有着非常重要的用途。一方面,CPI是宏观经济决策的重要参考数据,为一国政府分析和制定货币政策、财政政策、价格政策以及进行国民经济核算提供科学依据。由于CPI所反映的价格水平和走势是各国政府宏观经济调控的主要目标,因此,CPI自然也成为衡量政府财政和货币政策是否有效以及效率如何的重要指标之一。另一方面,国际上通常以CPI为主要指标来反映通货膨胀(或通货紧缩)的程度。在西方经济学中,通货膨胀是指最终产品和劳务的价格水平普遍地、连续地、超过一定幅度地上涨。按国际惯例,当CPI增幅连续超过3%时,即意味着发生了通货膨胀;当CPI低于1%时,则有通货紧缩的风险。当通货膨胀发生时,一国货币就会贬值,名义工资与实际工资背离,大多数居民的利益和生活会受到影响。根据CPI的变动,可计算出名义工资和实际工资背离的幅度,以便在劳资双方签订合同时,提高名义工资以降低甚至抵消人们因实际工资的下降而遭受的损失。此外,因通货膨胀而调整租借合同、退休或残障人士的补贴金,甚至是离婚后对儿童的赡养费时,都有必要用到CPI。

中国自1984年开始编制CPI,中国CPI也包括8大类商品和服务,分别是食品、烟酒及用品、衣着、家庭设备用品及服务、医疗保健及个人用品、交通和通讯、娱乐教育文化用品及服务、居住,共263个基本分类,约700种商品和服务项目。2006年,经例行调整后,8大类产品中食品、服务类、居住的比重分列前3名,其中食品的权数为33.6%,与前两年持平,而居住和服务类的权重有所上升。

(节选自《读者》2007年22期《CPI迷局》)

【注释】在(CPI中,“居住”一项是不包括“买房”的,国家统计局的解释是,房价不计入是国际惯例,且买房属于投资,不是消费。

小题1:下列对CPI的理解,不符合原文意思的一项是

A.CPI是反映一组代表性商品和服务项目价格水平变化趋势和变动幅度的统计指标。

B.中国CPI包括食品、烟酒及用品、衣着等8大类的约’700种商品和服务项目。

C.当CPI低于1%,则有通货紧缩的风险,大多数居民的利益和生活会受到影响。

D.CPI以零售量或居民消费量为权数,反映消费者所付商品的价格水平。小题2:下面对CPI的作用解说不正确的一项是

A.政府分析和制定货币、财政、价格政策及进行国民经济核算要依据CPI。

B.CPI是衡量政府财政和货币政策是否有效以及效率如何的重要指标之一。

C.因通货膨胀而调整租借合同、退休或残障人士补贴金等,也要用到CPI。

D.根据CPI的变动,可计算出名义工资和实际工资背离的幅度,抑制通货膨胀。小题3:根据原文提供的信息,下列推断正确的一项是

A.食品、医疗、服务类消费在中国CPI中所占权重较低,说明我国居民在这几方面消

费都很少。

B.中国CPI中食品权数位列第一,目前肉价上涨会使食品消费在CPI中比重更高。

C.2007年以来肉价带动食品价格上涨,又带动CPI上涨,意味着职工的购买力上升。

D.中国CPI中居住的比重位列第三,可见老百姓对居住条件要求越来越高,消费压力不大。

答案

小题1:C

小题2:D

小题3:B

小题1:(原文是“当通货膨胀发生时……大多数居民的利益和生活会受到影响”)

小题2:(CPI没有“抑制通货膨胀”的作用。)

小题3:(A.本文中找不到“医疗”的相关信息;原文说“食品、服务类、居住的比重”在前三名之列,不是“较低”。C.食品价格上涨,CPI上涨后,职工的购买力应该是下降。D.“消费压力不大”的推断不对,人们对居住条件要求越来越高,消费压力也越来越大。)

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Two graduates from Cambridge University in the United Kingdom found themselves about to

graduate, yet with loans (贷款) to pay off. The pair decided to begin a strange, year-long project

to battle their debt. The men, Ross Harper and Ed Moyse, set up the site BuyMyFace.co.uk. last

October as a way to get rid of the $80,000 they shared as student loans. The idea behind the project

was to earn money by selling their faces as advertising space every day for a year. Each day, they

advertise a different business on their site by painting the brand's logo (商标) or name on their faces

and including a link to the company's site. After they paint their faces and publish them on the site,

Harper and Moyse go out to highly populated areas such as music festivals and theme parks to

maximize their faces' exposure.

     At this time, Harper and Moyse have advertised their faces for over four months without skipping

a day and they're more than halfway to their goal. Though they first started charging a minimum of

about USD $1.60 per company, the prices have risen as their popularity increased. For advertising

space during the remainder of April, they range between USD $250 and $750.

     Terri L. Rittenburg, associate professor of marketing at the University of Wyoming, said she had

heard of people tattooing (纹身) logos on themselves before, but this idea is much better. According

to her, at first the idea would be new and novel and attract attention, but she is unsure how long it

would last.

     At least for now, companies that have bought Harper and Moyse's faces have written positive

comments on the pair's website. "We had a three percent increase in website traffic (流量) on the

very day and for two days more afterwards," said an alcoholic beverage company.

1. Which of the following was most possibly taken from the website BuyMyFace.co.uk.?

A.  

B.     

C.   

D.

2. At BuyMyFace.co.uk, you can _____ of the company being advertised for.

A. click to enter the website

B. download product pictures

C. get in touch with the staff

D. read a brief introduction

3. Harper and Moyse go to highly populated areas to _____.

A. have fun  

B. make friends

C. show their faces  

D. find new customers

4. We can infer from the article that the two men _____.

A. must have earned more than $40,000

B. aren't getting on well with their project

C. may close their site next month

D. always work hard except on holidays

5. The men's idea of advertising has proved to work because _____.

A. many people visit their website

B. their faces have become well-known

C. their customers get more attention

D. an expert has highly praised them

问答题 简答题