问题 问答题

试分析购买性支出和转移性支出在财政支出总额中占有的比重不同对社会经济运行的影响。

答案

参考答案:(1)购买性支出是指政府在商品和劳务市场上购买所需商品和劳务的支出。它是政府用来调节资源配置的主要手段:(1分)一是直接提供公 * * 品,直接投资参与经济过程弥补私人投资的不足,优化资源配置效率。二是调节产业结构和产品结构,实现经济的协调、均衡发展。三是通过购买支出保护民族工业,支持国有经济发展。四是增加就业机会。(2分,只要答对其中的两点就给满分)(2)转移性支山是指政府单方面的、无偿的资金支付,不相应的取得商品和劳务。它是政府调节收入分配的重要手段:(1分)一是转移性支出不会导致占用社会资源的增加,政府作为中间人,直接将取得的税收收入用于民。二是政府正是通过取之于此民而用之于彼民的方式,实施收入再分配政策,改变企业之间以及个人之间的收入分配状况。(2分)(3)由此可见,当购买性支出在财政支山总额中占有较大的比重时,财政支出对经济运行的影响较大,执行资源配置的功能较强;(3分)当转移性支出在财政支出总额中占较大比重时,财政支山对收入分配的影响较大,执行国民收入分配的功能较强。(3分)如果政府迫切需要变动需求规模.实施非中性财政政策,最有效的手段是调整购买性支出:如果迫切需要改善收入分配结构,缩小贫富差距,维护社会稳定,最优先的选择当是增加转移性支出。(1分)

阅读理解

阅读理解。

      While most high school students spend most of their time worrying about who likes who,

and different relationships between their classmates,I choose to focus on my school lessons

and sports.

     When I was young,my mother encouraged me to develop and keep friendship with boys

in order to build strong relationships.But she told me not to risk a good friendship with a boy

with the title of boyfriend.It's indeed a wise choice to stay friends with those of the opposite

sex.In my opinion,even though some high school relationships might continue after graduation,

the probability of them lasting much longer is so slim that there really is not a point to it.

      Firstly you have to think about such a question-whetherit is possible to hurt both of you,

or even hurt both of your future husbands or wives.My second point is that you still can date if

you hope marriage could possibly follow.Except this,there really is not any other reason for

dating.Some students desire relationships for a chance to be romantic.While these are nice to

have,there are many more important things at this point in our lives.

      The titles of boyfriend and girlfriend put too much stress on a relationship between high

school students.Just staying as common friends may be the best choice for us.I strongly

recommend we should deal with it in an appropriate way and follow our teachers' advice

if necessary.

1.The author writes this passage probably for________to read.

A.high school students

B.school teachers

C.parents and teachers

D.married couples

2.Between sexes,the relationship of being good friends might be__________than that of

being boy/girl-friends.

A.weaker  

B.safer

C.slimmer  

D.stronger

3.How does the writer like the idea of dating among the students?

A.Dating is a nice chance for students to be romantic.

B.Studying is far more important than dating in school.

C.In high school dating can surely lead to future marriage.

D.Dating in high school is sure to hurt your future family.

4.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph might refer to__________.

A.the title of boyfriend or girlfriend at school

B.advice given by both teachers and parents

C.the pressure from school lessons and sports

D.the relationship between students of opposite sexes

单项选择题