问题 单项选择题

中国历史上第一部近代意义上的专门刑法典是

A.《大清现行刑律》

B.《大清新刑律》

C.《中华民国刑法》

D.《暂行新刑律》

答案

参考答案:B

解析:《大清新刑律》是清政府于1911年1月公布的中国历史上第一部近代意义的专门刑法典,原称《钦定大清刑律》,它与《大清现行刑律》相比较,前者在形式和内容上有较大的改动。它大量的吸收借鉴和采用了西方资产阶级的刑法原则、刑罚制度和立法形式,摒弃了以往诸法合体的编纂形式,而采用西方的刑法典的体例,以罪名和刑法等专属范畴的条文作为法典的唯一内容,并将法典分为总则和分则两部分,因而使其成为一部专门的刑法典。但其后附有体现浓厚封建色彩和维护封建专制的《暂行章程》五条。此前的《大清现行刑律》是清政府变法修律过程中一部过渡性刑法典,《大清现行刑律》尽管对婚姻、田宅、钱债、析产、继承等纯属民事的条款予以分出,不再科刑,以示民事与刑事有别。但仍然包含了民事、商事、诉讼等内容,只是从形式上将《大清律例》进行局部修订,无论是在表现形式、法典结构以及具体内容都不具有近代意义的专门刑法典的性质。《大清律例》是清朝的封建基本法典,代表封建法典的最高成就。《暂行新刑律》是民国北洋政府对《大清新刑律》的修订,称为《中华民国暂行新刑律》,作为刑事基本法加以适用。其篇章体例一如《大清新刑律》,并无改变。《中华民国刑法》于1928年3月lO日正式颁布,它是我国历史上第一部以刑法为名称的刑法典,它分总则和分则两编,共34章,387条,从该刑法的内容体系看,它是资本主义的刑法典,但仍包含者不少封建性的内容。1935年1月1日,南京国民政府公布修正后的《中华民国刑法》,人们通常称这部刑法为新刑法,分总则和分则两编,共35章,357条,从具体内容看,其与1928年刑法基本上一脉相承。其主要特点是维护南京国民政府的稳定,并对“首谋者”从重打击,实行罪行法定主义原则,确立“保安处分”原则,保护私有财产权,并继承封建主义的法律传统。

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In 1945 there were 17 universities in Britain; by 1967 there were 45.A period of very rapid expansion took place in the middle sixties when ten new institutes were granted university status by Royal Charter.These modern universities do not in many ways resemble their older counterparts.Much more emphasis is placed on advanced studies in science and technology and the newer social science disciplines than on the arts and humanities.For the most part of the buildings the students live and work in are severely functional and there are the hum and bustle of continuous activities.The quiet gardens and enclosed quadrangles of Oxford and Cambridge belong to another world.This will certainly happen, for the universities like everything else must change and adapt themselves to meet the needs and demands of a new age.

In recent years there has been a very rapid increase in the number of young people (especially girls) seeking higher education.Between 1962 and 1975, the number of students in higher education more than doubled from 222,400 to 497,000.Part of this increase is accounted for by the creation of thirty “Polytechnics” which offer a wide range of courses leading to recognized qualifications.

For those who missed the opportunities for higher education at the age of eighteen or so, a major innovation in the academic world now provides a second chance.The Open University was found in 1971; it offers tuition to degree standards to anyone who chooses to entry.The courses are taught through radio, television programs, Internet and by correspondence with Open University tutors.By now there are over 100,000 students enrolled for Open University and there are several thousand people who are the proud holders of a B.A degree from the Open University.

68.The underlined word “counterparts” in the first paragraph has the closest meaning with “______.”

A.enemies                      B.leaders                         C.similarities                           D.strangers

69.Who can go to the Open Universities in Britain?

A.The British young people only.

B.Anyone who missed the chance to go to college.

C.Girls who missed the chance to enter a college.

D.Those who are interested in science and technology.

70.How can a student get taught in the Open University?

A.Study in the open air of Oxford and Cambridge Universities.

B.Through the modern communication methods.

C.By self-study with the help of polytechnics.

D.By attending to the top ten institutes in Britain.

71.Which of the following might serve as the best title of the above passage?

A.Life in the Open Universities.                        B.Free Degrees in Open Universities.

C.A Way Out, the Open Universities.    D.Open University, Past and Future.