问题 阅读理解与欣赏

克隆绵羊“多利”

谈家桢

①今年(指1997年)英国《自然》杂志公布了爱丁堡罗斯林研究所威尔莫特等人的研究成果:经过247次失败之后,他们在去年得到了一只名为“多利”的克隆雌性小绵羊。

②“多利”绵羊是如何“创造”出来的呢?威尔莫特等学者先给“苏格兰黑面羊”注射促性腺素,促使它排卵。得到卵之后,立即用极细的吸管从卵细胞中取出核。与此同时,从怀孕三个月的“芬多席特”六龄母羊的乳腺细胞中取出核,立即送入取走核的“苏格兰黑面羊”的卵细胞中。手术完成之后,用相同频率的电脉冲刺激换核卵,让“苏格兰黑面羊”的卵细胞质与“芬多席特”母羊乳腺细胞的核相互协调,使这个“组装”细胞在试管里经历受精卵那样的发育、形成而分裂胚胎的过程。然后,将胚胎巧妙地植入另一只母羊的子宫里。到去年7月,这只“护理”体外形成胚胎的母羊终于产下了小绵羊“多利”。“多利”不是由母羊的卵细胞和公羊的精细胞受精的产物,而是“换核卵”一步一步发展的结果,因此是“克隆羊”。

③“克隆羊”的诞生,在全世界引起了轰动。它的难能可贵之处在于换进去的是体细胞的核,而不是胚胎细胞核。这个结果证明:动物体中执行特殊功能、具有特定形态的所谓高度分化的细胞与受精卵一样具有发育成完整个体的潜在能力。也就是说,动物细胞与植物细胞一样,也具有全能性。

1、请找出第②段中画线句子里表述错误的地方,改正过来,并说明理由。

                                                                            

2、你知道“克隆羊”的诞生为什么会在全世界引起“轰动”吗?

                                                                            

3、我们最熟悉的一部古代文学作品《        》中就有“克隆”现象,其中的“克隆形象”是         ,作者是明代的           ,与这部作品并称为中国四大古典名著的小说是                                                   。 

答案

1、“……经历受精卵那样的发育、形成、分裂的过程。”;改正:“……分裂、发育、形成……”;理由:“分裂——发育--形成”是按照胚胎形成过程的先后顺序而排列的;

2、因为“克隆羊”的诞生证明动物细胞也具备相当的潜在能力,“克隆”是个待开发的宝库,同时也给我们人类敲响了警钟,科学向来就是一把双刃箭,带来福音的同步也将带来灾难”;

3、西游记、孙悟空、吴承恩、《水浒传》、《三国演义》、《红楼梦》。

1、应按照胚胎形成过程的先后顺序而排列

2、据第三段,有结合有关克隆的知识来分析。                                                         

3、拓展应用类题目。据最后一空可以猜读。

阅读理解

Culture means any human behavior that is learned in human society. All of the meaningful parts of a culture are passed on to different generations through tradition or social learning.  小题1:  Culture exists in agricultural as well as industrialized societies.

Culture is necessary for the survival and existence of human beings as human beings. Practically everything humans know, think, value, feel, and do is learned through taking part in a sociocultural system.  小题2:  Here is one of the cases of children growing up apart from human society. In the province of Midnapore in India, the director of a children’s home was told by local villagers that there were “ghost” in the forest. Upon looking into the case, the director found that two children, one about eight years old and the other about six years old, appeared to have been living a pack of wolves in the forest.  小题3:   In his diary, the director describes his first view of Kamala (as the older child was named) and Amala ( the name given to the younger child):

Kamala was a terrible-looking being, the head, a big ball of something covering the shoulders.  小题4:   Their eyes were bright and sharp, unlike human eyes. They were very fond of raw meat and raw milk. Gradually, as they got stronger, they began going on all fours, and afterwards began to run on all fours, just like squirrels.

Children learn human language in the same way they learn other kinds of human behavior——by taking part in a cultural community.   小题5: 

A.From this viewpoint, all human groups have a culture.

B.Close at its heels there came another terrible creature exactly like the first, but smaller in size.

C.Human beings can only develop human abilities by the local people.

D.This statement is well supported by some well-written cases.E. These children were the ghosts described by the local people.

F. Culture refers only to the high art and classical music of a particular society.

G. They learn a certain human languages as well as certain kinds of human behavior through their membership in a certain cultural community.

单项选择题